Matthew Funk Essays - Regions Of The Czech Republic,

Matthew Funk Block 2 Geography Report 1-5-99 Location: Absolute: The center of the country of Czech Republic is located at 50 degrees North and 16 degrees East. Relative: The Czech Republic is in the North-Eastern Hemisphere. It is also located on the continent of Asia. The Czech Republic is in the geographic center of Europe. The country also shares borders with four other countries (Poland, Germany, Austria, and Solvakia). The Czech territory is placed between two principal mountain systems in Europe, The Hercynian and Alpine-Himalayan. Place: Physical: The Czech Republic has four major mountain ranges, 3 of them are protected by the country. Krkonose (Giant Mountains) This range stretches 40 kilometers into Bohemian territory, thus creating a natural border between itself and Poland, and is also the Czech Republic's highest mountain range. The highest peak is Mt. Snezka. Several of the other peaks reach elevations of over 1,500 meters. This range was proclaimed a national park in 1963. Hruby Jesenik (Ash Mountains) This range is the second highest of the ranges, and is located in northern Moravia. The highest peak in this range is called Praded Peak, and is 1,491 meters high. This range is also protected and has been since 1969. Sumava (Bohemian Forest) This is the third highest range in the Czech Republic, the highest point in this range is Plechy Peak (1,373 meters above sea level). This range extends 125 kilometers into Bohemia from the border, thus creating a natural border with Germany. This range is also protected by the Czech Republic, and has been since 1962. It also was declared a national park in 1991. The end of the range that sticks into Germany is also protected. Beskydy This range is located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic in northern Moravia. The highest point is 1,000 meters above sea level. It's terrain is rolling hillsides, forests, and pastures. This terrain is ideal for hiking, camping, skiing. The Czech Republic lies in the temperate climate zone of Europe, which makes pleasantly mild summers and winters with only moderate amounts of precipitation. The lowlands temperature average in July is 20 degrees Celsius and in the mountains is 10 degrees Celsius. The lowland temperature average in January is -1 degrees Celsius and in the mountains is -6 degrees Celsius. The Czech Republic has many different kinds of vegetation. Spruce and fir trees are most common in the republic's forests, particularly at higher elevations, while mixed forests of oak, ash, and maple are characteristic in lower zones. The uncultivated lowlands are covered mostly with clover, reeds, and broom grass. Human: In 1997, the Czech Republic had a total population of 10.3 million people, five million males and 5.3 million females. Three quarters of the people live in urban areas. The population density is 131 inhabitants per sq. kilometer, while the total growth in population in the Czech Republic is 0.8 persons per 1,000 inhabitants. The capital, Prague, has a population of 1,213,800 people. Until 1994, an outstanding feature of the Czech Republic was its stable population growth, with the exception of the two world wars. Since 1994, however, the population has been decreasing and is expected to have fallen to around 10 million in the year 2020. After World War II, the number of births fell from over 200,000 a year to less than 150,000 in 1970. In 1974 this figure had increased to 195,000 but by 1996 had fallen gradually to 90,000. The number of new born babies per 1,000 inhabitants was 8.8 % in 1996. The number of deaths per 1,000 inhabitants gradually increased from World War II until 1983 (13.0%). Since then it has decreased and in 1996 it was only 10.9 %, thus corresponding to western European levels Thanks to its long rich history and the diversity of its natural environment, the Czech Republic is a great attraction to the millions of guests who visit it each year. The jewel in the Czech crown is Prague with its gorgeous and rich architectural styles but the country is also dotted with numerous historical city centers, castles, and chateaux. Outside the urban areas, deep woods, rock formations and limestone caves are among the many interesting sites the Czech Republic has to offer. Since the Czech lands lie exactly on the border of Eastern and Western Europe, the country has come under the influence of several different cultures throughout the course of history. Each of these influences indelibly marked the face of the country with the architectural or artistic monuments. This accounts for

Pearl Harbor vs. WTC essays

Pearl Harbor vs. WTC essays Chaz Morantz October, 2001 The Effects of Pearl Harbor and the WTC Attack In our history, there have been many conflicts between nations and within nations based upon ethnic and religious background. Entire wars have been fought based upon one race feeling superior to another. But this kind of ethnic persecution and racial conflict is the base factor for why our planet is in such a state of constant conflicts. True world peace will never be achieved until we accept each other for who we are. Two events in recent history seem to stand out when it comes to looking at how people react to different ethnic groups when a conflict arises. The first even was a surprise attack by the Japanese on our naval fleet at Pearl Harbor during World War II. The second is a recent attack on the World Trade Center buildings and the pentagon by Middle-Eastern terrorists who highjacked commercial airliners and then flew them into the targets. These devastating events have brought out harsh feelings towards the ethnic groups that the terrorists and bombers belonged to. It is a judge of our character, as citizens of a powerful nation, how we react to the people in our nation who had nothing to do with these events, but physically resemble the attackers. After Pearl Harbor, the government and people of the US feared that the current Japanese Americans could be spies and would help Japan in further attacks. Our shock and surprise over the destruction that was rendered at Pearl Harbor drove us temporarily to put aside our constitutional morals and national beliefs. In a quick reaction, President Roosevelt signed and executive order to round up all the Japanese-Americans in the US and intern, or relocate, them into detention camps. These camps were had very poor living conditions and no indoor plumbing or central heating. Many Japanese became ill and some even died. When they came to the camps, the Japanese were usually forced t ...

Face It Writers Make Less Now

Face It Writers Make Less Now If you are in this business full-time, and attempt to keep up with the pace of the current publishing paradigm, you cant help but feel depressed. Writers make less now than a decade ago. And no, it does not appear to be a temporary slump. Writers in Canada make less than in 1998 thestar.com/entertainment/books/2015/05/29/writers-in-canada-make-less-than-in-1998.html Authors incomes collapse to abject levels theguardian.com/books/2014/jul/08/authors-incomes-collapse-alcs-survey We can argue the reasons why, but I see it as two-fold: Treasure in hand 1) Everybody can publish today. 2) Readers have become accustomed to deals, so the average cost of a book has seriously declined. Nobody pays $25 for a hardback anymore. Not when a reader can grab an ebook for $1.99. But writers tend to be their own worst enemy. It feels better to sell 1,000 books for $.99 each than 100 for $9.99. We think were more powerful at that 1,000 number, but what weve failed to see is that weve driven our reputation down to a level thats hard to recover from. Yes, I understand you can have one-day and two-day offers. I understand Kindle Unlimited and Kindle Countdown Deals attract lower priced sales. But with most writers pricing down their material, we all earn less. And with so many writers in the mix, we all sell less. My own publisher talks about how publishers across the board are earning less, which drives them to promote individual authors less, no longer provide print ARCs, and decrease advances. On the freelance front, $1/word was once the professional rate. When FundsforWriters was started, I scolded writers for accepting less than 20 cents/word. Today thats decent pay. Writing mills came into the picture, making new writers think they could gather experience doing click rate writing. Then people started writing internationally, and writers from some countries easily underbid writers in others. One So whats an author to do? 1) Write steadily and often. The prolific writers makes more money no matter the pay. 2) Stand firm for a respectable wage. Turn down bad offers. Set your floor. 3) Dont settle for a lesser publisher. Hold out for a reputable publisher or learn to self-publish and consider making your own success. 4) Be unique in your promotion. Do not use the mass promo offers everyone else uses. 5) Promote daily, a little at a time, but dont sound like the next guy. The slow-but-sure mentality wins this race, and its a darn marathon for sure. But there are sneakers and training programs for those marathons, and they await you. You just have to decide to put them on.

Final paper about the Marshall Plan Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final about the Marshall Plan - Research Paper Example This was after the Second World War. The major aim besides the rebuilding is that it targeted to avert the percolation of the Soviet Communism. It is important to highlight that this plan was employed from April 1948 for a span of four years (Nicolaus, 2008, pg 32). This came into being after the European cities had underwent some serious destructions and even the individual families seriously affected. This was a serious incident and the trade in the continent was adversely affected. The people thereby lived in the refugee camps and got assistance from the United Nations Administration. This was consequently followed by food shortage which was experienced in the harsh seasons of winter. Various infrastructural facilities were attacked aerially while the sea vessels were sunken (John, and Nicholas, 2004, pg 42) This was a speech that was given when the United States could not hold it any longer for the several unsuccessful mediations with the Soviet Union. This was by George Marshall who was the Secretary of the state at Harvard University. In the speech, he assured of the support from America in the making the economic status of the European states to grow through a gradual recovery system. In the speech, what came out so clearly is that Marshall believed that for the country to recover, grow and be economically stable, there has to high levels of cool political climate in the sense that a country has to be peaceful with no form of political violence that would stimulate high massive investments to flow into the economy (Robert, 2008, pg 71). It is important to highlight that the negotiation with the Soviet Union was in January 1947.this was after Marshall was appointed into the office. The officials thereby had to make arrangements on how they could meet the Soviet Foreign minister. The move was aiming at the recovery of Germany for financial economic states. It is important to highlight that for the effective and efficient implementation

Business Requirements-HR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Requirements-HR - Essay Example The company, with the use of IS, can enable employees to be trained using virtual training centers and conferences. The quality assurance at different outlets is a major task to standardize as the teams are not the same in different places. Centralized quality standards and assurance procedures may help them to avoid any differences in the quality of products at different outlets. Using information systems to maintain a quality database containing standards and procedures for sharing among various quality teams will result in a centralized procedures and checks. Using the information systems, the information sharing has become easy and quick. The evaluations can be done online and the tabulation, analysis and consolidations can be done automatically at runtime . the management can now get instantaneous update of the evaluations and performance reports. Hiring and training are major aspects of any HR department. Hiring the right people is attributed to the information systems to a great extent as they allow a bigger reach to the potential candidates. The comprehensive online tests, interviews and testing features allow for a thorough test of abilities and potential of the candidates. This helps in getting better employees and a more efficient HR department. Trainings are also carried out using teleconferencing and virtual training rooms whereby a trainer in any location can be transmitted to anywhere in the world. The company can train all its employees remotely from one location to any place and at the same time allowing the participants to participate and interact with the trainer and other participants. This allows the trainer to carry out interactive exercise online. Payment correctly Payrolls are confidential and critical for the employer and the employees. Using efficient payroll mechanisms is vital for the coffee business. Payroll systems are an alternate to manual payment systems. They are efficient, reliable, fast and provides an easy to use payroll management. New policies, increments and changes in pay structure can all be easily incorporated into the system. Retaining and rewards programs Employee performance appraisal, rewards and incentives can be applied and handled using the HR module. This allows for a better and efficient integration of the incentive plans, monitoring and rewarding employees based on their performance and to keep them motivated. The current system does not cater to the needs of appraisals of employees based on their performance and routine feedback. Appraisals take too long to reach the relevant personnel as they require manual and physical transportation of documents. The results are then analyzed and communicated to relevant personnel. This creates a state of risk whereby a poorly rated employee may result in lost customers to the organization. With the implementation of the HR module of

The Bone Growth And Development Health And Social Care Essay

The Bone Growth And Development Health And Social Care Essay Imtramembranous ossification starts during the development within the womb and where the flat bones and some bone of the skull and the collarbone are formed from connective tissue. This is also the method which helps injured bones to heal and develops when bones are broken to reconstruct the bone. This process also occurs during embryonic development which is endochondrial ossification, this is where bones are produced from cartilage. Endochodrial ossification is the process when the development of long bones occurs such as the development of arms and legs. Within intramembranous ossification there is no cartilage present as the bones develop from other connective tissues. The begin of intramembranous ossification starts from stem cells, these cells then have to develop into a particular cell type, such as osteoblasts which are cells that create bone tissue, spongy inner tissue of the marrow and the mineralised compact bone tissue which encloses the marrow. There are many different s tages which take place throughout intramembranous ossification due to the stem cells change, differentiate and develop into specific types of bone cells. A related process takes place to repair broken or damaged bone as the bone tissue develops from membranous or connective tissue in a similar way that they develop within the womb. In the process of stem cells form layers of relatively primitive connective tissue and some develop into bone-producing cells. During this there is a bone matrix of calcium which eventually gathers into bone spicules. When bone matrix is expelled the bone spicules grow in size, which leads to the greater formation called a trabeculae which bulild up on top on each other to form a wovenbone where as some trabeculae stay as spongy tissues which then develop into bonemarrow. The bones which progress through the intramembranous ossification develop into the patella, the parietal, frontal, occipitial and temporal bones in the skull, the patella and the upper a nd low jawbones. Inramembranous ossification also adds to bone growth particularly in short bones and the thickening of long bones as they grow. The process which is responsible for the lengthening of the bones is called epiphysis and occurs at the ends of the bones, the epiphyseal place is found under the epiphyses and before the diaphysis. During puberty and early adulthood this is usually present and is the location of bone growth. When this process has fully taken place the the epiphyseal plate completely ossifies and closes after this there is a thin line still only a thin line is still there and the bones can no longer grow in length. Endochondral ossification Endorchondral ossification is where cartilage eventually gets replaced with bone during the development. During this process the osteoblasts occur in regions of cartilage called the ossification centres. These osteoblasts then progress into osteocytes which are mature bone cells which harden the bone matrix. The majority of bones occur from a mixture of intramembranous and endochodral ossification. During this process the mesencymal cells progress into chondroblasts which increase in number through cell division which then increase in size and expel a matrix which hardens because of the occurrence of inorganic minerals, which leads to the forming of chambers within the matrix. Osteoblasts and blood-forming cells go through these chambers. These osteoblasts expel minerals which form the bone matrix. Mature hardened bone consists of an organic element and a mineral element, mature hardened bone is also living tissue. The majority of the organic element is made up of proteins such as, c ollagen fibres, an extracelluar matrix, and fibroblasts, which consist of the living cells which create the collagen and the matrix. The mineral part of the bone is made up of hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate which provides strength and rigidity. Through the life of an individual the osteoblasts constantly expel minerals and the osteoclasts constantly reabsorb the minerals. File:Bone growth.png The skeletal system starts to develop during the third week after conception with the development of the notochord with is the construction of the back of the embryo which develops into the spine, spinal cord and the brain. During the four week of conception arms and legs are visable, with the fingers and toes developing around the eighth week of conception, after this the limbs start to expand and take on specific shape. By the fifth week the embryo has doubled in size and there is a tail-like structure which eventually develops itno the coccyx. During the seventh week the embryos facial features are visible and the 206 bones are all in place. Although the process of osteogenesis has not yet taken place fully as the bones are do not harden until further development. The majority of bony nuclei of the long bones and round bones do not finish developing until after birth. There are many different types of the main human bones which are the long, short, flat and irregular bones. The long, short and irregular bones develop due to endochondral ossification this is the process were cartilage is replaced by bone. The development of flat bones occur during intramembranous ossificaion with the bone developong by sheets of connective tissue, around 80 percent of the mature skeleton is represented by compact cortical bone which supports the body, at the midpoint of the long bones there is extra thickness to stop the bones from bending. Cancellous bone has a porous structure which has small cavities and is similar to sponge; it is found mainly in the pelvis and within the 33 vertebrae from the neck to the tailbone. Long bones increase in length by adding to the epiphyseal plate. When the bones lengthen they go through a process called remodelling, throughout this process the outer shape of the bones change as well. The bones of the skull grow due to the layers which add to the circumference of the skull by this occuring the skll becomes thicker. During birth long bones have more than one ossification centre, which grow during childhood up until the epiphyseal plates become fused with he shaft of the diaphysis. tHis process is motivated due to the hormones in the testes and ovaries, there hormones signal the linear growth of the long bones to reach the end of the growth. Flat and round bones of the skeleton are able to continue growth throughout life. Spinal Curves The vertebral column is one of the primary support structures of the human skeleton, and consists of individual pseudoseparate and fused vertebrae which allow the movement and support of the skull, and the flexibility of the neck and back and provides secure locations for the ribs and protection of the spinal cord. The spine consists of seven cervial vertebrae which form the neck, tweleve toracic vertebrae forming the upper back and five lumbar vertebrae forming the lower back. Near the bottom of the spine there is the sacrum which is made up of five fused vertebrae which secures the spine to the pelvic girdle and the coccyx which is a semi-flexible sequence of around four vertebrae which assist in the support of the the lower alimentary tract. Inbetween each vertebrae there is a intervertabral disk which is made up of cartilage and cushions the vertabral column to protect the spine from trauma, the interverebral disks also act as a shock absorber. The spine is held together by a seq uence of ligaments which include the intertransverse ligaments which run down the length of the spine and are attached to the transverse processes of each vertebrae. The spinal cord is a primary nerve pathway to and from the brain which proceed down a canal in the centre of the spinal column. The spine consists of four natural curves. Two are lordotic and two are kyphotic. The cervical and lumbar curves are lordotic. The thoracic and sacral curves are kyphotic. The curves help to distribute mechanical stress as the body moves. Cervial The cervial spine consists of seven vertebrae which are located at the top of the spine and is often referred to of the neck. One of the purposes of the cervial spine is to contain and protect the spinal cord, support the skull and to allow the head movement from side to side and to bend forward and backwards. There are many different ligaments, muscles and tendons which assist in supporting and stabilising the cervical spine. The main role of the ligaments is to stop excessive movement which could lead to damaging the cervial spine and spinal cord. The muscles in the cervical spine help the spinal balance and to provide movement, the muscles contract and relax due to the nerve impulses which are signaled from the brain. Some muscles work in pairs and some contract and the opposingmuscle relaxes, there are many different types of muscle which are lateral flexors, forward flexors, rotators and extensors. Thoracic The thoracic vertebrae form the posterior part of the bony thoracic cage. The thoracic spine consists of 12 vertebrae which eventually increase in size. The Thoracic spine is found in the chest area, and the ribs are connected to the thoracic spine and protect a number of vital organs. Lumbar The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae which are positioned below the thoracic vertebrae and the fused vertebrae of the sacrum. These vertebraeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s are a lot larger than the vertebrae of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae. The vertebral foramen is normally triangular with the spinous process pointing backwards and is rectangular or hatchet-shaped. Each vertebra are positioned on top of each other and between each one there is a intervertabral disk which is made up of cartilage and cushions the vertabral column to protect the spine from pressure, they distribute stress and prevent the vertebrae from grinding against each other. Ligaments and Tendons Groups of ligaments hold the vertebrae and discs together and they connect bone to bone. The main function of tendons is to hold muscle to bone. Within the spine the tendons connect muscles to the vertebrae they also help to stabilise the spine and protect them from extreme movement in any one direction.       ?spinal http://www.nursingtimes.net/the-skeletal-system-bone-growth-and-healing/201797.article http://science.jrank.org/pages/4933/Ossification.html http://www.answers.com/topic/skeletal-development

If girls should study separetly from boys Essay

This paper argues that single-sex public education brings more harms than benefits. The issue of single-sex public schooling in the U. S. has been in the centre of a heated debate recently. Some scholars and education practitioners argue that educating girls separately from boys results in healthier learning environment and psychological development of representatives of both genders. Along with presenting arguments and evidence in support of mixed gender education, this paper will also dismiss major theses put forward by the proponents of single-sex education. First of all, mixed gender education benefits both girls and boys since early encounter with persons of opposite sex helps children and teenagers shape healthier perceptions about gender roles and relations between genders. In the absence of information about representatives of different gender, various stereotypes and misperceptions develop. On the contrary, when boys and girls study together, they can observe peculiarities of male and female behavior and identity formation, thus learning to acknowledge and respect differences between genders. Secondly, single-sex education reinforces the notion that men and women are not fully equal as the participants of public life. If the differences between genders are regarded as too dramatic to educate boys and girls together, such approach presumes tat mean and women are too different to participate in other spheres of public life on equal grounds. However, the idea that has been consistently promoted throughout the 20th century was that women are also rational subject and are entitled to the same set of rights as men. Single sex education can thus be viewed as a step back in the historical development of our society. Thirdly, differences in learning styles are not necessarily an impediment to academic progress. Since boys and girls have different approach to educational process, coeducation can help to unleash the potential of the diversity of learning attitudes and experience. In such a way, ‘coeducation exposes all students to a range of male and female-oriented learning experiences. Importantly, boys and girls gain social maturity through valuable interactive play and shared learning’ (Ipswich Girls’ Grammar School, 2007, para. 2). The proponents of single sex schooling disagree with the aforementioned statement. They believe that differences in learning styles are best addressed when boys and girls study separately. Under such scenario, they argue, teachers can choose the most effective way of presenting the material and assessing students’ progress, since they have an opportunity to tailor their teaching manner to the needs of representatives of a particular gender. In support of their claim they cite evidence of better performance in single sex schools as compared with coeducational schools. In dismissing this evidence, two factors need to be taken into account. First of all, these studies measured only short-term impact on academic performance without paying due attention to the continuity and integrity of learning process. There may be fluctuations in performance indicators across districts, regions, and years. The proponents of single sex education fail to prove that educating girls separately from boys bring long-term academic benefits: As opposed to concurrent indicators of academic achievement, any positive effects of SS [single sex] schooling on longer-term indicators of academic achievement are not readily apparent’ (U. S. Department of Education, 2005, ‘Summary of Findings in Each Domain,’ ‘Long-term, quantifiable academic accomplishment’). On the contrary, differences in learning styles may sometimes lead to higher performance indicators as coeducation encourages representatives of both genders to study better. Since psychologically girls are more inclined to learning and academic environment, they set a certain level of achievement. Naturally, boys in the same classroom are pressured to live up to the standard: ‘While girls might set the benchmark in standards, once boys understand the required level, their competitive nature encourages them to strive for mastery, often leading to achievement levels beyond the benchmark’ (Ipswich Girls’ Grammar School, 2007, ‘Setting the bar’). As for the argument that single sex education raises self-esteem, especially in all-girls schools and classrooms, it can be contested, too. While short-term impact on self-esteem may be positive, long-term harms again outweigh all the perceived benefits. When boys and girls are educated separately, they get used to single sex environment and acquire social skills that helps them operate in such environment only. However, after graduation they are required to learn how to operate in mixed-gender environment, which can be stressful and diminish their chances to lead a full-fledged social life. In conclusion, it is necessary to say that the question of single sex v. coeducation should be further researched. It is one of the fundamental social policy debates that shape public life in our country – just like abortion, gun control, global warming, or euthanasia – and therefore it should be carefully considered and scrutinized before final decision on this issue is made.