Saturday, August 31, 2019

Comparisons Between Araby and A&P Essay

Araby is a story about a young boy who has an intense attraction to this girl. He goes out of his way to watch her every morning, and eventually talks to her. She says how she wants to go to the bazaar but cannot due to the fact that she’s going away on some church related trip. He wants nothing more than to impress this girl so he offers to travel to the bazaar himself and get her something. His uncle is late returning home on the day the boy is to go shop, so the boy ends up having to pay more to get into the bazaar. After looking around for a while, a lady that works there asks if he is interested in anything, and he responds saying no. As he turns to leave, the bazaar is beginning to close for the night, the light shuts off on him as he walks back to return home. A&P is a story about a boy names Sammie who works in a supermarket. In this story Sammie is telling the readers what he sees with an elaborate devotion to detail. One day while he is working, three girls walk in with swimsuits on. He is shown to have some sort of instant attraction to one of the girls. He sees the most attractive girl to be the leader of the three nicknaming her â€Å"Queenie†, and while he goes in to detail of how beautiful her features are, he tells of how her â€Å"followers† were chubby and unattractive. When Sammie’s manager spots the girls, he scolds them about their attire. Sammie wanting to come to the rescue of the girls quits. His manager is a friend of his parents and tells him he is making a mistake, but Sammie doesn’t care. He walks out the store hoping to see â€Å"his† girls, but when they are nowhere in sight he realizes he’s made a mistake that was foolish. In these stories Araby by James Joyce and A&P by John Updike, there are many similarities and at the same time, these stories contain many differences. One of the many similarities between these two stories is that both these boys are seriously intrigued with someone of the opposite sex. While they go in to detail on the appearance of the girls they are interested in, they never give a name. This can be seen as the boys being obsessed with the female species. Another trait these boys share would have to be that they will go out of their way to impress these girls. The boy in Araby offers to go to the bazaar to spend his own money and purchase her a gift. Sammie tries to impress the girls by quitting his job. He feels as if he is defending their honor. Another similarity between these two boys is they failed in impressing the girls in their stories. Sammie quits then goes outside to look for the three girls that he quit for, but they were nowhere in sight. After discovering that they are not outside he feels regret, not only for quitting his job and not impressing the girls like he intended to do, but because he let his manager and parents down, and realized how foolish and rash his decision was. The boy in the Araby story felt foolish after he went out his way to go to the bazaar for this girl, and ended up paying just to leave empty-handed. When the lights turned off on him as he was walking out made it seem as if he was taking a walk of shame. He felt unwise because he was blinded by beauty and wasn’t using his brain. Just as there similarities, there are differences between the two stories Araby and A&P. One difference between the two stories is that in A&P when religion was spoken about it was mentioned briefly. In Araby, religion was mentioned a lot, and whenever it was mentioned it was usually in a negative way. In A&P Sammie mentions how his manager works in the church and has many jobs. In Araby the first time they mention religion, they mention the death of the boy’s family’s tenant, who was a priest. Another difference between these stories is that the boy in Araby only described the girl as being a beautiful object, while Sammie made the girl in his story seem more like a sexual object. Sammie made observations on how her top strap would hang off her shoulder, making her look naked from the neck down to her shoulder. The boy in Araby made comments on how graceful the girl in his story’s hair was.

Friday, August 30, 2019

The Process of Changing a Newborns Diaper

You should not take lightly the changing of a diaper. For it to be done correctly, you need to take the time and do the proper steps. If not done so, your baby could end up with a diaper rash and more seriously, an infection. A clean diapered baby is a happy baby. To start, you need to know the weight of the newborn. With this, you will be able to find which size diapers will be appropriate. Not all newborns wear newborn diapers. You will also need to decide on which brand diaper you will want to use. There are several brands to choose. The name brands are nice because they absorb more and children are less likely to get rashes. Priced less and packaged in greater quantity are generic brands. However, they are less absorbent, which results in frequent changing and greater chance for diaper rash. You will also need a diaper wipes and powder. Again, there are name brand and generic. You will have to make the decision based on, which is better for you and your newborns needs. After you choose the size and brand you need to set up the area in which you will be changing the newborn. It should be soft yet washable. Sometimes things can get a little messy and you will want to be able to disinfect. Put all these supplies at easy access to you where you will be changing the newborn. Make sure supplies are at the foot of the changing area. This will keep little hands from reaching them. All the cellophane should be off the packages. Take the diapers out of the packaging and stack them at a hand’s reach. You should not have to walk away as soon as you start changing the baby. You are ready to change. Start by placing the baby on the changing surface with its head at appropriate end. Undress the baby from waist down. There are tabs on the front of the diaper, lift up on the corners of them and the diaper will be unsecured. You need to check if the baby has had a bowel movement. To do this, just pull diaper carefully down between the legs of the baby. If so, hold both feet of the baby in left hand (for right handed people, right hand for left handed people). You now only have your right hand to work with. You will be holding the baby’s feet in your left hand for rest of the diaper changing. Lift the baby up so that only their butt is off the table. While still holding baby in this position, take your right hand and place it in between the baby’s leg going toward the head. Grab the front of the diaper and pull it back through the legs carefully. You do not want to have to clean more than you have to. Place the front of the diaper down on the changing surface. Do not remove from underneath the baby yet. Babies will go at anytime, so the diaper underneath will grab any surprises. Next, open wipes box and remove one. Place wipe on the baby’s front by where you see the start of the bowel movement. With a front to back motion, wipe the baby’s bottom. Take the dirty wipe and place it in the front of the soiled diaper. You may need to be repeating this step until the wipe does not show any soiling. Be sure to get into all the creases and check the back for soiling. If the baby, however, didn’t have a bowel movement then one wipe should be used to wipe off any urine that is on the baby. Then place the dirty wipe on the soiled diaper. Now you take the soiled diaper out from underneath the baby. You do this by sliding it toward the feet of the baby. Set it aside. Reach over and get a new diaper off the new stack. Place the back of the diaper (the side with tabs) under the baby, making sure that the top of the diaper is in the lower to middle back. To check this, lower baby down to check placement. If not correct, lift the baby back up and adjust placement of diaper. Finally, you can lower the baby down. The baby is now on top of a clean diaper and is ready for powder. Open powder by turning ribbed top until you see the holes are open. With feet in one hand, lift baby’s bottom slightly up. Take caution with this next step. Turn the powder container slowly over baby’s bottom. Softly shake it like a salt shaker. You and the baby will be covered in powder If too much force is used After a light dusting of powder is applied, place the baby down back onto the diaper. Now it is time to secure the diaper onto the baby. This step is usually the most difficult. Do not get frustrated. It takes patients and practice. Take the front of the diaper and lift it up slowly in-between the baby’s legs. Look for the tabs that are secured to the diaper. On either side of the baby Pull up on the corner of the tab and lift to expose the adhesive. Bring the tab over to the front of the diaper. You will see a cute decoration pattern strip that is shiny on the front of diaper. This is where you will secure the tab. You will want to do the first side towards the middle of the strip. Take the opposite side tab and do the same. If you have difficulties reaching the middle with the second tab, you may have to loosen the first one you applied. To get the correct tightness, it might take a few adjustments on the placement of the tabs. Make sure that the tabs are even from the center. This will give you an evenly placed diaper on the baby. The diaper should be snug. If you can see in-between the baby and the diaper, it’s too loose. On the contrary, if the babies skin is wrinkling, it’s too tight. Finally, it’s time to dress the baby from waist down. When this is done, place the baby in a safe place. Wash the changing area with a disinfectant, throw away soiled diaper and wash your hands. Now that wasn’t so bad. Was it? If your lucky, you only have 2 more years of diaper changing. In no time you’ll be able to do it in your sleep.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Imagery and symbols Essay

Quotations from the text are in italics. ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ is a play enriched with imagery and full of expressionism: it shows the world through the characters’ emotions rather than how they literally perceive it. Throughout this play, Tennessee Williams uses various forms of imagery and symbolism to explain and highlight themes and moods. The play often uses symbols to accentuate the thoughts and emotions of the characters, and it is these expressionist elements that I will go on to discuss in this essay. In this piece of writing, I will not only look at the imagery used and the meaning behind it, I will also try to evaluate its role in the functioning of the play. The main motifs of symbolism used in this play are: o Light o Heat o Music o Colour o Titles & Names o Clothes o Reference to animals The most significant imagery in the play is the use of light and shade in the play. Light is, in many ways, a playwright’s biggest asset: light (or the lack thereof) can denote tension, fear, and suspense and can be used to draw the audience, to rivet their attention on a certain point. In ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’, Tennessee Williams, while using it for all of the above reasons, manipulates light in a unique way: light is a physical manifestation of the truth. For this reason, Blanche hates light, she is afraid it will destroy her illusions: ‘I don’t’ want realism.’ By looking at light as synonymous with truth we can see her aversion to light stems from her desire for magic (‘I’ll tell you what I want. Magic!’). Blanche’s disgust at naked light bulb (‘I can’t stand a naked light bulb, any more than I can a rude remark or vulgar action.’) expresses her inability to face reality, and so she puts ‘a paper lantern over the light’: the paper lantern which represents her illusions, and the faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade she presents to the rest of the world. Stanley has no patience with her fantasies, and so ‘he tears the paper lantern off the light bulb.’ This action of his is a symbol for his revealing her true self. There is also a more apparent and less subtle reason for Blanche’s terror of light: she wants is very subconscious about her age, and she has fears of being scrutinised under the ‘merciless glare’ of the light. Light also has other connotations in the play. For Blanche, it represents first love. When she was very young ‘the searchlight’ was switched on, and after Allan’s death it suddenly went off again, after which ‘never for one moment has there been a light stronger’ than the soft glow of a candle. Through this we can clearly see that the tragic events of her past, and the loss of her first love, have led to Blanche’s fear and intense loathing of light: she was dazzled by love early in life, and after Allan’s death, she avoided all light. For Blanche there is a difference between the soft shimmer of the candle, which she takes comfort in, and the harsh glare of the light bulb. This leads to another, more obscure, connotation of light in the play. If the light bulb represents reality, then the candle represents hope. Blanche acknowledges that ‘candles aren’t safe’, and she associates the burning out of the candle with the loss of innocence, ‘and after that happens, electric light bulbs go on and you see too plainly’. Therefore, she associates light (reality) with the loos of innocence, specifically hers which was cruelly snatched away from her at Allan’s death. This fear of light/ reality portrays her inability to grasp anything real or solid, which is demonstrated when she gasps at her reflection in the mirror. As can be seen, the symbol of light has a major role in the play, and it is impossible to conceive how the play would even function without it. Therefore, we can see that, in the case of the motif of light, the imagery and symbolism related thereof is very important in the play. Another form of symbolism in the play, and closely linked to light, is the theme of heat. This time, however, the imagery is just not related to Blanche, it relates to many of the main characters in the play. In ‘A Streetcar named desire’, heat represents different individuals response to their body image. Stanley is confident, assured about his image, full of ‘power and pride’, and his level of comfort with his physical image is the reason why he easily says, ‘my clothes’re sticking to me’. He sums up his outlook on his self-image when he says ‘Be comfortable is my motto’. In this play, heat is also used to accentuate the differences between the characters, and the differences between Mitch and Stanley are emphasised in this way. Stanley simply says ‘Do you mind if I make myself comfortable’, whereas Mitch says he is ‘ashamed of the way he perspires’. This reference to heat by both characters shows us the difference between them. It also shows that, if Stanley’s body image is bold, brash and confident, Mitch’s is shy, clumsy and insecure. Blanche’s issue with her appearance has already been glimpsed in the previous section, through her trying to conceal her age and wilting beauty. This can be discussed in greater detail from the perspective of the motif of heat. Stella says that Blanche takes baths to ‘cool down’, which seems to directly relate to the motif heat. However, is that really why Blanche bathes so often? Some critics feel that Blanche’s frequent bathing is a vent for her feelings of guilt over her stained past. Perhaps her frequent bathing is a result of her preoccupation with washing away sins and making a ‘fresh start’. She likes bathing because it makes her feel like ‘a brand new human being’. However, I disagree with this interpretation, as Blanche herself does not feel she has done anything wrong: ‘I don’t tell the truth, I tell what ought to be the truth. And if that is sinful, let me be damned for it!’ Therefore, it is unlikely that her bathing is a result of her guilt. In my opinion, her frequent bathing is a result of her insecurity about her age and appearance. She herself states that the baths are a form of ‘hydrotherapy’: it assuages her fears of her tarnishing beauty. Overall, although the symbol of heat is not as major or well-developed a theme as light, it enriches the play and adds many nuances to the personalities of the characters. Names and titles are also used symbolically in this play. One critic has said that ‘Essentially this is a play about Desire and Death and the effect these have on the human soul.’ From this, and indeed simply from the title, we can see that Desire is an important theme. This theme is portrayed through the imagery of ‘A streetcar named Desire’. In his own life in New Orleans, Williams observed two streetcars (trams), one named desire, the other called cemetery. As he observed their movement, he was impressed by the symbolism of this and their relevance to life in general. In ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’, ‘Desire’ and ‘Cemetery’ are two journeys we make in life: one towards our desires, our hopes, dreams and ambitions, and another toward the cemetery, through death (‘they told me to take a streetcar named Desire, and then transfer to one called Cemetery. These streetcar titles are especially relevant to Blanche and her past life. She has travelled on ‘Desire’ to get here: it is because of her lustful desires that she is in a position wherein she has to come to Elysian Fields to live with her sister. Other names and titles also hold significance in this play. ‘Elysian Fields’ is a name that brings an image of peace and tranquillity, which is a definite contrast to the violent actions of the habitants of ‘Elysian Fields’. ‘Elysian Fields’ also indicates a resting place for the dead, and this once again reflects symbolically on the themes of Desire and Death. The last significant name in this play is the title of the plantation, ‘Belle Reve’. Earlier on I looked at hope from the point of view of Blanche, and we can see that ‘Belle Reve’ is a personification of that hope, as ‘Belle Reve’ means beautiful dream. For Blanche, when she looses ‘Belle Reve’, she has fully lost all her hopes and dreams, and her journey of ‘Desire’ begins to come to a halt, and her journey towards the ‘Cemetery’ begins. In general, the symbolism of titles and names is essential to the theme of the play, and therefore holds a great deal of importance in this play.

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Problems Faced to Accomplish Effective Speech and Writing Skills Essay

Problems Faced to Accomplish Effective Speech and Writing Skills - Essay Example This remains a reality that many people have to go for education purposes to strange lands where speech and writing rules may differ hugely from the ones socially practiced in their native lands. This is where myriad ambiguities enter the scene and plague the minds of many confused students who might have travelled much to get education in a certain college. Foreign students, unlike native ones, are mostly seen as individuals exposed to strange norms and complex behaviors, some of which may be quite hostile as well. Both writing and speech activities are heavily influenced by good communication skills and foreign students should know how to use those skills in unfamiliar academic territories for their own academic benefits. The reality of the immense difficulty faced by foreign students in practicing new speech and writing skills in unfamiliar academic territories is further strengthened as research study done by (McCarthy) identifies that foreign students perceive themselves as stra ngers in strange lands. Once enrolled in a certain foreign institution, students belonging to different cultural backgrounds and more familiar to their native languages, have to make great efforts to adapt themselves to new speech situations as a result of which developing close understanding with appropriate styles of communicating and writing which can be applied in new academic territories with great facility becomes inevitably important. A student â€Å"has to invent the university by assembling and mimicking its language while finding some compromise between a personal history and the requirements of convention† (Norgaard). Those students who make painstaking efforts to maintain close interaction with their professors even after the lecture hours finish are seen as individuals taking good grades and rapidly achieving a secure job once their educational periods end. In contrast to such highly interactive students, many foreign students feel shy to communicate with their p rofessors due to myriad underlying reasons which may be of cultural, lingual, intellectual, or psychological nature. Teachers can play a major role in making such students familiar with the rules of writing and speech in a language they consider alien. The research study done by (Delpit) identifies that teachers should understand that such students deliberately choose not to learn sometimes, rather â€Å"choosing to maintain their sense of identity in the face of what they perceive as a painful choice between allegiance to them or us† (Delpit). Foreign students may also face hesitation in interacting with the learned scholars at colleges because of the great fear that they may be looked down upon or mocked by fellow students if they happen to make any grammatical or pronunciation mistakes while trying to interact in foreign language with their teachers. Students should be transformed by their teachers in such a way that they would stop considering English as an alien language which somehow plays a role in furthering their oppression. Teachers should make those students, who are not already accustomed to the features of mainstream learners, learn how to carry on an effective discourse in the foreign language. â€Å"Teachers must acknowledge and validate students’ home language without using it to limit students’ potential† (Delpit). Now, developing good communication skills in English language is not an easy task, especially when it comes to foreign learners who find

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Individual Case Study Assessment ( Faslane case study ) Essay

Individual Case Study Assessment ( Faslane case study ) - Essay Example Despite the fact that it is an installation by the Ministry of Defense, it is managed by Babcock Marine which is a part of Babcock International. The paper uses various theories and models to identify changes and differences between earlier management and current outsourced management. It also presents an analytical report on the case study about the leadership styles, the organizational structure and the processes of change as demonstrated in the study. The major objective is to show the changes that took place at Faslane before and after 2002, the drivers and resistors to the change, the organizational structure and the leadership styles with the use of various model and theories formulated as a guide. Faslane Case Analysis Qn. 1 The strategic change context in 2002 at the start of the change process at Faslane can be identified by the use of the change kaleidoscope by Balogun and Hope Hailey and the analysis on factors of change by Lewin Forcefield (David 2005). The strategy invol ves keys issues on change management which include strategy matters, context matters, inertia and resistance and leadership matters. Strategy matters identify need for change, context matter define the right approach to change as determined by circumstance, inertia identifies the existing ways of doing things that results to resisting change and leadership matters portray good leadership at all levels of an organization(David 2005). In diagnosing the change context, the types of change, the context of change is given as well as the Forcefield analysis is given. Strategic change context in Faslane identified four types of change including adaptation, reconstruction, revolution and evolution. The revolution changes involved a clear strategic direction, combining symbolic levers, various styles of managing change, monitoring and working with different aspect of existing culture. On the other side, evolution changes which were both transformational and incremental involved clear strateg ic vision, continuous change and commitment, identifying targets, winning minds and sustained management attitudes(Sadler, 2003). The change kaleidoscope designed by Balogun and Hope Hailey identifies the factors that necessitate change and the contextual features of change. In application to the case study of Faslane, this model is essential in describing the strategic change in 2002. Firstly, Faslane was originally run by the Ministry of Defense and the Royal Navy who decided that they needed to cut their management costs as well as improve their operational effectiveness. As a result, they established partnering arrangements with industrial firm Babcock Marine in 2002, which was then under John Howie. This brings out the need for the change and the contextual feature of time. The scope of the change at Faslane was highly transformational based on the changes in the working personnel, the human resources allocations of time, cultural influences and gradual nature of implementation (Wickham & Wickham, 2008). Secondly, the firm had to shift and obtain different management at the beginning who were conversant with organizational structure change from both marine and navy sides as well as do extensive research and study. The diversity had to be altered and the attitude of the employees towards change was influenced when they noted that it was for the best in the long run. Other factors that were considered included the capability of the management to effect change, the capacity to

Monday, August 26, 2019

I need a research paper and it needs to be over A Taste Of Honey by Essay

I need a research paper and it needs to be over A Taste Of Honey by Shelagh Delaney and it need to have an argumentative thesis statement - Essay Example The drama has strong racial and homosexual undertones and the writer is trying to send a thought provoking message to the society. If we look around today our attitudes towards gays, single mothers and interracial unions have hardly changed even in the wake of liberal ,legal and social reforms. The play was written in 1958 when Divorces were a taboo, there was lesser minority representation amongst the society and single parenting was looked down upon as a religious and social offence. Gay marriages or open homosexual cohabitations were unheard of because such people were at a risk of bodily harm if their sexual orientation was made public. It was known as one of the "kitchen sink" plays of its time when the English Theatre was being revolutionised. The play shows women's perspectives on premarital sex, teen pregnancy, abortion, and adoption. This was big step to discuss these issues in public and show them in English drama. The Characters are the stereotypes of the working class British audience. The story line focuses around the life of the women (Helen and Jo)and their problems in the setting of the 1950's.The mother and daughter are shown coping with a tumultuous life.Jo is a 17-year-old working class girl whose mother, is an abusive drunkyard .Jo's is devastated

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 16

Project Management - Essay Example For a novice project manager, the software can help create simple schedules with a work break structure where tasks are assigned start and end dates in a timeline. For the advanced user, detailed cost and resource allocations can be performed, with the facility of creating baselines to track project progress. Creating tasks, their dependencies, and assigning a timeline is a straightforward process in the friendly user interface. The software has a tabular interface where this information can be entered and a Gantt chart is automatically built in a split window on the same screen. Critical path can be determined by simply selecting options from the menu. MS Project has an intuitive interface but perhaps it is because of the complexity of representing project management in a software, and the number of options and features available, that sometimes make its usage a bit difficult. The difficulty level, of course, is reduced with practice and also with gaining more insight into project management concepts. MS Project has a strong project monitoring capability and the project manager can set up multiple baselines against which the project can be tracked through its life. Estimated costs, resources, and time usage can all be entered in the project file and checked against the actual data for any deviations. A large number of pre-formatted reports can be produced from the software. A useful facility is the ability to create custom reports to suit specific requirements. The software also has features to offer an integrated environment to the user by allowing linking of external files which can be opened from inside the project file by a simple click. This provides a useful function where external information related to specific tasks can be easily accessed without having to exit the program and search for files on the

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Marlowe comprehends the fallacy of racism Essay

Marlowe comprehends the fallacy of racism - Essay Example It is evident that Marlow witnesses inhuman slavery exercised by the whites that comprehensively alters his ideologies and beliefs within the society. He states â€Å"A slight clinking behind me made me turn my head. Six black men advanced in a file, toiling up the path. They walked erect and slow balancing small baskets full of earth on their heads. I could see every rib, the joints of their limbs were like knots in a rope; each had an iron collar on their neck and al; were connected together with a chain.† (Conrad 38) Consequently, he says that slaves are identical to animals. This implies that he dislikes Africans regardless of their worth that may be highlighted using diverse approaches. It is evident from the excerpt that slaves are comparable to animals as apparent in the words describing them. It is true that Africans suffer from dehumanization under the control of Europeans leading to de-motivation. The description of this inequality is apparent in striking facial expr essions. This implies that Europeans have conditioned the Africans to disregard the situation. An instance that shows cruelty among Africans is apparent when Marlow meets a neatly dressed accountant. However, his outlook contrasts with Africans surrounding him because they appear frail. Marlow tries to befriend the accountant by spending a significant proportion of time conversing with him on how Africans are inferior. One day while Marlow was conversing with the accountant, a helpless African moaned in pain, an act that agitated Marlow and the accountant. The accountant claims, â€Å"When one has got to make correct entries, one comes to hate those savages to death† (Marlow 48). Surprisingly, Marlow agrees with the accountant’s remarks highlighting his negative attitude towards Africans. Moreover, Marlow and the accountant were unconscious of the horrific situation surrounding them. These persons exhibited immoral tendencies as apparent in their attitude towards Afric ans around them because they believed that such persons were interfering with their culture. This example reveals the indifference amongst whites with regard to the suffering of Africans. This indifference means that the European’s motivation to colonize Africa was not only to gain power and improving culture, but also making money at the expense of Africans. Apparently, the whites forgot their human morals and driven by greed, they treated Africans as animals (Conrad, 87). This novel strongly reveals the malice that Africans experienced under the control of whites. Readers begin comprehending the behavior of whites that appears insensitive especially in Marlow’s encounter with the doctor prior to his expedition in Africa. The doctor wanted to examine Marlow’s skull and inquire fundamental aspects regarding previous mental illness within the family. He seems insensitive regarding Africans and continues to tell Marlow that only an insane individual would desire t o visit Africa, highlighting the extent of disregard for the stature of Africans within the society. The main intention of measuring Marlow’s skull is to notice if there would be any notable difference upon return. It is apparent from such a proclamation that the doctor undermines Africans life when he tells Marlow that the Europeans

Saturday, August 24, 2019

BUS 303 MOD 1 SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BUS 303 MOD 1 SLP - Essay Example olicy, we have been keeping in touch with you, through the transparent e-mail messages, where we discuss the routine matters, which concern our day-to-day business affairs. In continuation with the same, I shall be discussing with you today about the crucial issue of maintaining discipline in observation of punctuality towards office working hours. As every one of us is aware of the punch-card system that we maintain for keeping the attendance record of our workers, the same needs improvement. The main drawbacks, which have come to my notice, include difficulty of punching cards faced by those employees, who need frequent visits outside their office, apart from occasional malfunctioning of the system. While suggesting any method of improvement would in itself exhibit the dedication and seriousness of the concerned employee; we have formulated a scheme, which provides for the rewards to be given to the first three suggestions, selected by our HR department for this purpose. As it is our policy to maintain excellent relations with our existing customers, we must thank all of you for providing our reference to your friends and associates. This certainly has resulted in strengthening our customer base, with the addition of new customer relationships. Therefore, it is our prime responsibility to keep you informed about the developments taking place at our end, which include the new product launches. As we propose to launch the new product by the end of this month, we shall be sending you special invitations to attend the event. Needless to mention here, the highlights of this event would include the demonstration of the product, which will be followed by interaction of our marketing professionals with you all. In the first e-mail, only the name has been written in the field mentioning â€Å"from†, while the second e-mail has the designation written in this field, after the name. This is due to the fact that the second email is for the customers, who are outside the

Friday, August 23, 2019

Lesson 1.3 Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lesson 1.3 Critical Thinking - Essay Example Childhood cancers occur at different sites of the body as compared to adulthood cancers. Most of the childhood cancers are brain tumors, leukemia and lymphoma and bone cancer. On the other hand, cancer in adults tends to occur mainly in the breast, colon, lungs, and pancreas and prostrate. There are also cancers that affect adults but virtually never occur in children, while at the same type some childhood cancers never occur in adults (Jones, 2008). With respect to treatment, cancers occurring in children’s bodies tend to respond better to treatments such as chemotherapy as compared to the way adults’ bodies do. Though this is the case, these treatments, like the radiation therapy and the chemotherapy may have long-term side effects. This requires for there to be a careful follow up for the rest of their lives on children who undergo this treatments (McCance, 2009). In the case study given, the 14 year-old female suffered from various side effects as a result of the dicloxacillin therapy she was undergoing. Some of the effects are common adverse drug reactions which include: headache, fever, purpura, swollen and bleeding gums and generalized petechiae. From the lab-work results, the young girl’s platelets’ count is low. The path physiology of cells and tissues or the cellular environment attribute greatly to cancer (White,

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Ways promoting efficiency in a business Essay Example for Free

Ways promoting efficiency in a business Essay Talking an example of production industries, promoting a culture of open communication will enhance the skill of helping people. This skill will aid in problem solving. still under helping people skill patience as a skill will apply in that in case of delays of salaries workers will not feel that they are being subjected to kind of punishment (Richards, 2011). Another way of ensuring efficiency is encouraging communication, collaboration and feedback between departments and the management staff this will promote stream of ideas resulting to a more productive team overall. Positive perspective way of looking at your business as a worker increases output thus promoting efficiency. Computer survey as a skill enhances adoption of modern technology that put your business in front line towards more effective procedures. This creates better quality experience for employers’ and clients resulting to a stronger bottom hold. Being focused as an entrepreneur sets a good role model to your workers. In trying to be like, they put in enough effort which in return encourages efficiency. An outgoing business man sees to it that he is trending with current technology. The skill of being obsessive and compulsive aids you as a manager to make certain decision that will have an impact on your workers which in a way promotes efficiency for example punishing indiscipline. Lastly getting to know your workers better is a key point in promoting efficiency. This can be achieved by analysing employee process to their overall efficiency. Flexibility or the skill of adopting to change promotes efficiency in that no time is wastage trying to deny changes introduced in the business. After that is done achievable goals should be set. These realistic tangible goals provides motivation needed to achieve them which in turn enhances efficiency. Reference Richards, G. (2011). Warehouse management: A complete guide to improving efficiency and minimizing costs in the modern warehouse. London: Kogan Page. Source document

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Special Educational Needs Essay Example for Free

Special Educational Needs Essay In this essay will discuss the term Special Educational Needs, understanding of segregation, integration and inclusion, the importance of Warnock Report, development in policy since 1981,and the Medical and Social modules. The term Special Educational Needs in child development has a meaning of children who needs extra support. Early in 1700s in Britain term Special Educational Needs did not exist and it did not need to exist as children with Special Educational Needs were looked from their families or church. After the radical change as result of Industrial Revolution in Britain by mid 1800s special institution were created for every human ill. Education on children with Special Educational Needs began through individuals and charities; the first school to be opened was for children with visual impairments in Edinburgh 1976 by Thomas Braidwood he was followed by the school for blind in Liverpool opened by Henry Dannett, this schools however were nothing what we have now but still they made a difference for children in needs as they had very little contact with outside the world. In 1870 Foster Act – Education for all allowed all the children with Special Educational Needs to enter the main stream schools and their difficulties were recognised. Many of these children were experiencing difficulties in making progress and as a result of the elementary classes contain large number of pupils, and they were taught by teachers with no specific special educational trainings. They came to the point that children with SEN were unfit to include in the main stream schools. According to ‘Gibson and Blandford (2005) significantly the report’s recommendations included the integration of pupils with SEN into mainstream education. However, the level of integration indicated in the report was limited form of education provision for pupils with SEN; limited in those pupils although physically located in a mainstream setting, would have to adapt in order to fit the location and culture of established forms of teaching and learning’. In 1893 James Kerr was a medical officer for the Bradford School Board; his role was to assess children’s mental process and identify children that are not suitable for ordinary schools. Special Educational Needs incurred a high cost than ordinary provision. So most of the children were isolated in ordinary schools or received no schooling. Children with visual impairments from the age of five in 1889 should be provided with education and for children with hearing impairments should be taught by specialist teacher and those teachers should get paid more than mainstream teachers. Also in 1889 the commission recommended that each school should have a medical officer. In 1994 Education Act said that every child should receive education within primary, secondary and further education based on pupils age and all the local education authorities should meet the needs of handicapped children. In 1945 service regulations established 11 categories for handicap children. Inclusion is education that means approaching to educate children with Special Educational Needs, under the Inclusion module children with Special Educational Needs have to spend their time with non-disabled children. Inclusion rejects the rights to put a child in need to a special school, inclusion is about mixing all the children together the one in need and the ones that they are not in need, to have the right to be educated in the same way and to meet everybody’s needs and abilities. Integration in Special Educational Needs means the rights of the children, and supporting those children by following the law, Education Act. While the Segregation has a meaning of separating children from each other, the ones that have a disability should be placed to special school and the ones that are in the term ‘normal’ should go to the mainstream schools, also segregation means the discriminations of children from the race, religion and types of disabilities. According to Education and Skills Under the 1944 Education Act, children with special educational needs were categorised by their disabilities defined in medical terms. Many children were considered to be uneducable pupils were labelled into categories such as maladjusted or educationally sub-normal and given special educational treatment in separate schools. According to the article wrote for the inclusion week has said: The 1981 Education Act This law brought in the first duty on LEAs to educate disabled children in mainstream schools, taking account of parents wishes and establishing three conditions that were to be met before it could happen. These conditions were: the disabled child can be educated in the ordinary school, other childrens education will not be adversely affected, and there is an efficient use of resources. By late 1960s and into early 1970s parents, disability groups began to subject the policy of segregated special schools; they argued that continued segregation could no longer be justified. Demands were increasingly made, not only from community but from those adults who experienced segregation provision. The Warnock report in arly 1970s said that educational professionals and parents had begun to put pressure to government to investigate the standards of national provision for children with needs, in 1973 Margaret Thatcher established a committee under the Warnock that educational provision should be reviewed in England, Scotland and Wales for children and young people with handicapped disability. The work was completed on 1978 and as it is final report 225 recommendations on the policy and organisation for children with additional needs. The Warnock report criticised the orthodoxy and segregation and argued that children should not be categorised and therefore children should have their own Special Educational Needs deficit and their needs should meet within mainstream schools. The report also shows that 20 per cent of children could experience a learning difficulty at some time. Finally in 1981 Education Act translated many of recommendation of the Warnock report and they were put into legislation. The term Special Educational Needs had a legal status and the term handicapped that was used since 1945 has finally ended. Furthermore the Act clearly articulated how children with Special Education Needs should be assessed and how the statement of SEN should be formulated. Finally children assessed with Special Educational Needs were possible to be educated alongside with their peers within the mainstream schools. Even after putting the law into consideration for children with Special Educational Needs to attend mainstream schools most of the settings had lack of money to implement the Act and they remained the existing system of segregation to the special school provision. In 1983 to 1991 the proportion of children being educated dropped by 12. 5 per cent and in some local education authorities the number of children that they were attending segregation provision was increased. The whole idea of the term Special Educational Needs was that children and young people to be educated, to attend mainstream school and to participate in activities same as normal children, but this outcomes did not follow, an national survey in United States has found that disabled people were less educated, also less likely to be employed, people with disability are marked as different. In 1997 the term Special Educational Needs has been replaced with Special Needs Education, this change in terminology distinguish the provision of Special Educational Needs. The idea of bringing to place the term Special Educational Needs was to categorise the disability of children and to include all of those who are in need to additional support. Under the 1994 Education Act children with Special Educational Needs were labelled by their disability, many of those children had no contact with the outside world and received no education whatsoever. The Warnock report 1978 followed by the Education Act 1981 changed the name of handicapped children to Special Educational Needs children and integrative which later was stated as inclusive which meant all the children to receive education, not depending on their needs or abilities. According to the web site, Douglas Silas Solicitors has been said: The Education Act 1944 originally established that childrens education should be based on their age, aptitude and ability. Eleven categories of handicap were described which included for example, educationally subnormal and delicate as well as blind. At that time, the general philosophy was that the child should fit the school rather than the school fit the child. 1974 saw the establishment of the Warnock Committee, leading to the publication of the Warnock Report 1978, which was named after Mary Warnock, the chair of the inquiry whose remit was to look at the needs of children with SEN. The Warnock Committees conclusions were that 20% of children in the school population could have SEN but 2% might need support over and above what a mainstream school could provide for. The Warnock Report recommended that there should be specialist provision for children with SEN which could protect the 2% and ensure that they received appropriate provision. The Warnock report was introduced under the Education Act 1981 but had no additional funding for the new process of getting the teachers trained. The Warnock report remained till 1990 but during this time many children were declined to receive special schools. The Green paper on 1997 was introduced to government to support children with Special Educational Needs also the UN statement. Government had looked again to the Special Educational Needs framework also SENDA 2001 and 2004 Special Educational Needs of the strategy for removing the barrier, Government had invest more money for Special Educational children from 2. 8 billion to 4. 1 billion in the last four years. The Warnock reports seem to be struggling to remain fit for the purpose of Special Educational Needs, there is a failure in the system to cope with raising the number of children with autism, emotional and social development. In 2005 Warnock had called the Government as emergency for reviewing the situation of Special Educational Needs particularly the concept of inclusive, while the Government had said that the policies do not need to be review they actually need to be changed from the ground. Ofsted and audit commissions known the issues of the reports therefor had said that Special Educational Need does not need to be reviewed. It has been four years already and Government has no answer for reviewing the policies and when prime minister has been interviewed he had said that there is a room for the policies to be improved and they are keeping Special Educational Needs under the review. Government still had not reviewed anything on Special Educational Needs policies but it has been said that they are looking into it in private. The review took place in 2010 from Government and it has been 30 years after actually took place. It has been said that Governments new policy has been softened on inclusion for sending the children with Special Educational Needs to the mainstream schools and for closing the special schools. Government vision for education of children with Special Educational Needs it provides clear national leadership. Early invention to make sure that each child who has learning difficulty to receive the need and help as soon as possible, also the parents of children with Special Education Needs to have access to childcare. Removing barriers of learning in every setting and making sure that inclusive practise is taking place in every school. Also by raising expectation and achievement by making sure that teacher are receiving the appropriate training for Special Educational Needs. Delivering improvements so then parents has a clear understanding of what to do for their children and where to get help for their children with Special Educational Needs. Overall in this essay I had a chance of understanding of the policies since 1981 also the Warnock report in more details, the integration, inclusion and segregation, Children with Special Educational Needs now are able to receive the same education as other children and are attending the mainstream schools. The meaning of term Special Educational Needs that in my point at the beginning of this course was completely different now I have an understanding that I think most of what I know I would not be able to put in words.

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Web Two Technologies And Impact On Society Information Technology Essay

Web Two Technologies And Impact On Society Information Technology Essay This paper discusses Web 2.0 technologies and their impact on society. The first section of this paper introduces Web 2.0 technologies and briefly defines them. The next sections discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Web 2.0. Next, the paper discusses the values that Web 2.0 has brought to society. Finally, we make concluding remarks about how Web 2.0 will change over time. Introduction There are many opinions as to where Web 2.0 came from, and how it will impact our lives in the future. At first, many people saw Web 2.0 as a buzzword, but not really a new concept. Web 2.0, as it is considered today, was a result of the dot-com bust in 2001. In 2001, many people began to believe that the web was overrated, and probably would not have many significant implications in the future. However, during the internet shakeout, a few people saw a promising future for web-based technologies. The Web 2.0 conference set out to find the next web technologies (OReilly, 2005). Web 2.0 is changing the way society communicates. The next generation of social networking has created endless opportunities for people to share content. Web 2.0 technologies allow for two-way interaction. Unlike updating a website, posting information about a company on Facebook allows companies to receive feedback about the products and services. The interactive nature of Web 2.0 is one of the many ways that Web 2.0 differentiates itself from Web 1.0 (Bohley, 2010). Web 2.0 allows for constant change in content. One of the best ways to explain these new technologies is through example. The creators of Web 2.0 originally thought of a list of applications that they believed represented the change from Web 1.0 to Web 2.0. The original list is in the following table. Web 1.0 Web 2.0 DoubleClick Google AdSense Ofoto Flickr Akamai BitTorrent Mp3.com Napster Britannica Online Wikipedia Personal websites Blogging Evite Upcoming.org and EVDB Domain name speculation Search engine optimization Page views Cost per click Screen scrapping Web services Publishing Participation Content management systems Wikis Directories (taxonomy) Tagging (folksonomy) Stickiness Syndication Source: OReilly What is Web 2.0 2005. One of the main differences between these Web 2.0 technologies is the way the content changes. Instead of having scheduled updates and maintenance, Web 2.0 is constantly changing the way people see information. For example, a Wiki user has the option of deleting, adding, and modifying information. There is no one that really controls the content on these types of applications. Because there is no one monitoring the content, there is no way of knowing whether or not the information from these sites is correct. However, these mash-up sites create opportunities for people to share content in ways that were not possible before Web 2.0 (OReilly, 2005). DoubleClick, a Web 1.0 technology differs from Googles AdSense, a Web 2.0 technology. One of the main differences between the two applications is how they go about putting ads on the web pages. While DoubleClick boasts over 2,000 implementations, the newer AdSense already has hundreds of thousands of sites to target. Since DoubleClick requires a formal contract, it mainly targets larger websites. Google realized that the bulk of the web was actually comprised of smaller websites. In order to target these smaller websites, the companies needed to find a way to integrate the ads in formats that could reach a broader base of customers. Googles AdSense can place an advertisement on virtually any webpage. The Web 2.0 difference is how applications can take advantage of a different platform in order to serve more customers (OReilly, 2005). From a business standpoint, major companies see Web 2.0 as an opportunity to expand into new markets, and reach out to people who use social networking sites. The challenge now will be for companies to find a way to integrate these technologies into a way that can promote the business. Sites such as Facebook and Twitter can be used as marketing tools, but only if the company knows how to make use of them. While many people understand how to use these popular sites, not many are aware of how to utilize them in a way that attracts customers and grows a business (Gilette, 2010). Companies must also beware that social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter could be used against them. Social networking sites make it easy for customers to post their view of a company on a website. Someone who had a bad experience with a product could tweet about the experience, leaving the company vulnerable to these attacks. A company must pay even more close attention to the customer service aspect of the business in order to ensure that customers are not tempted to say harmful opinions about the company. As an example, a frustrated United Airlines customer wrote a song and posted it to YouTube about how the airline was careless with his luggage and broke his guitar. This is obviously not the kind of publicity that any company wants to have (Gillette, 2010). Web 2.0 requires companies to be more up to date with services and customer feedback. Advantages of Web 2.0 As the internet has become the most convenient and popular medium of communication, Web 2.0, an enhancement of the existing internet, has developed a system in which online users have become participants rather than mere viewers (Advantages and Disadvantages of Web 2.0, 2010). Based upon the interaction with online users, Web 2.0 is becoming more and more popular. Here we discuss some major advantages of Web 2.0 that can be treated as the drivers of its development. Web 2.0 created an advanced communication platform both for public and private use. For public use, it enhances the way people collect information by giving more access to information around the world. It allows the mass population to communicate with each other and spread ideas rather than receiving their information from a specific authority or a single resource. In the Web 2.0 environment, the information can flow freely and people can express their opinions without fear of repercussions. For example, Google Documents facilitates group work on projects by allowing members to create, share and update documents to the same page and combine all the thoughts from different members at the same time. For private use, Web 2.0 helps to meet the personal needs of users for creating and sharing private information from limited users. Web 2.0 actually makes the internet more personalized by allowing each individual to have information that is tailored to their needs and interests (Advantages and Disadvantages of Web 2.0, 2010). For instance, the Gmail phone offers users the ability to enjoy free and fast online communications dedicated to traditional physical devices such as telephones and cell-phones. Web 2.0 provides a compatible interface that enables a single user to use different applications at the same time easily. Hence, we can say that Web 2.0 is actually establishing a true democratic digital system in the world of the internet (MacDonald, 2009). That is also why Facebook and Twitter have become so popular right now; they enable users to create their own online personal space in which they can make or search friends, and update their personal information. Web 2.0 also takes accessibility to the next step by letting users have the power to determine how much of their content they wish to share and in what ways. Web 2.0 lets users choose if they wish to upload content using audio, video, or text files. People can even use Facebook to arrange a date, a social party such as Halloween or any group activities happening in their social network. Users are enjoying sharing their stories and daily feelings on Facebook and Twitter instead of staying alone at home to watch television . Moreover, for some big companies such as Saleforces.com, the Web 2.0 community and social networking sites are the best places to share the success stories, efficient knowledge worker collaboration, employee satisfaction, and clients success (Therwanger, 2010). Web 2.0 facilitates people to get better access to information they need. In the environment of Web 2.0, people will be able to get better information about things happening throughout the world from multiple resources by getting rid of the limitation of government controlled media. Online web users can easily accomplish searching and recording information they need for the accumulation of their personal knowledge, which helps them make better decisions. RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feeds are a good example of Web 2.0 applications that help people collect the most information from the resources links they have signed up for simultaneously. People can look up the news in which they are interested in the same interface without opening multiple websites and going around different pages. Such immediate information cannot be achieved by any other means. Web 2.0 also promotes the positive business model changes in enterprises. Redaktion points out seven core benefits of Web 2.0 for businesses: 1) Core enterprise applications will become more effective through the incorporation of Web 2.0 technologies. 2) Next-generation Web platforms can be highly efficient in overall procurement and sales strategies. 3) Lessons from Web 2.0 community and social networking success stories can be leveraged within the enterprise for more efficient knowledge worker collaboration and overall employee satisfaction. 4) Semantic tagging technologies can greatly increase the navigation of internal and external information overload and increase information-based product consumption and use. 5) Web 2.0 communities can be used for new product feedback, shortening the product development time and targeting valuable marketing resources. 6) Targeting bloggers and other influential Web users can help to control an organizations image and influence publicity for the positive 7) Making Web-based marketing the norm, rather than the exception, will help optimize overall marketing spend (Redaktion, 2006). Web 2.0 promotes the development of E-Commerce. E-commerce is one of the boons of Web 2.0 innovations that have made shopping a much more simple and efficient experience on the internet (Jones, 2010). Its biggest advantage is that the providers of online services and products can offer better customer service and better interaction with their customers. Web 2.0 increases the effectiveness of marketing. Online retailers earn the benefit of marketing by communicating immediately with a prospective buyer and provide all the information and clarifications that he or she needs. For example, many of online retailing websites have applied the Web 2.0 applications such as video catalogues, instant calling options and instant message services. With the advancement of internet technology, it has become easy to display products through video coverage on the website. The video coverage can also be added in the description page with the help of websites such as YouTube.com or Photobucket.com. In such a way, the responses from the consumer side can be increased dramatically. Disadvantages of Web 2.0 Although Web 2.0 has several advantages to society, there are some disadvantages. These disadvantages include several concerns amongst users. First, companies are unsure how to use the data. Secondly, there are privacy concerns with personal information out on the web. Third, Web 2.0 content is not always reliable information because anyone can update it. Fourth, Web 2.0 is seen as a security threat to many company managers. These disadvantages are discussed in more detail below. First, companies are not entirely sure how to use these technologies in a way that benefits their business. For example, a company might decide to have a blog or a comment section added to its website. However, without careful monitoring, this could easily become an easy way for frustrated customers to express their feelings. For example, Dell opened a blog on its website in 2006, and employees found that most of the comments on the blog were negative feelings towards the company. While it did allow Dell to quickly find out what its customers concerns were, it could harm business if potential customers are only reading negative feedback about the company (Vernon, 2007). Another concern with Web 2.0 is personal privacy, especially with children. As a parent, Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter can be worrisome. When a child goes online, it is easy for them to go to these social networking sites and give out personal information about themselves and their families. Many children do not realize how dangerous the web can be, and how many people can access the information that they put online. There are several cases in which adopted children have been stalked by their birth parents that used Facebook to find them. Most adoptive parents want communication to be through a social worker or other intermediary, and worry about the childs birth parents having unwanted communication with their child. This is becoming a growing concern for parents of adopted children as Web 2.0 social networking applications such as Facebook makes it easier than ever to find information about people. Families find themselves in a difficult situation when it is hard to monitor their childs internet activity and contact with birth parents. This has been a controversy for both birth and adoptive parents (Macdonald, 2010). Additionally, Web 2.0 content is not a reliable source of information. Web 2.0 allows anyone to be in charge of the content. For example, Wikipedia is an online site that allows anyone to add information or take information out of each page. While this may be a good way to encourage data collaboration, this makes it difficult to monitor the quality of the content presented in the wiki. Consequently, Web 2.0 sites are not a reliable form of information. There is no way to be able to tell whether or not someone has made up the content or actually used legitimate sources. Even on social networking sites such as Myspace, it is estimated that forty percent of the content is untrue information about the person. While these sites are able to guess how much of the content is not correct, it is impossible to know what information is accurate (Vernon, 2007). Web 2.0 also poses a security problem for a companys most valuable information. While there have always been problems with viruses on computers, Web 2.0 allows for even more opportunities for hackers. This has become even more apparent as companies have noticed an increased number of worms that have been attacking company data. One survey found that security threats were a concern of nearly fifty-two percent of executives surveyed when asked about whether or not they would want their employees using Web 2.0 applications. Many companies feel that if they allow their employees to use Web 2.0 technologies at work, they may be putting the companys secure data at risk (Watson, 2008). The disadvantages to Web 2.0 show that it is important to realize that not all new technologies have positive effects on society. Web 2.0 brings to light a host of new problems that many people have not had to worry about in the past. Knowing that there are some problems with Web 2.0, it is important for users to be aware of what could happen if content is posted online using one of these applications. It is important to realize that any information that is posted to the internet using a Web 2.0 application is available somewhere for someone to see and that this data is not as secure as many would initially think. Value of Web 2.0 Web 2.0 certainly has dramatically changed the way we use the internet today and is revolutionary in the way web developers and web companies make their websites. Its responsiveness and ability to create social and collaborative web environments has made Web 2.0 an important development for the internet. One important question that arises from the development of Web 2.0 is what values do Web 2.0 technologies bring to businesses, communities and our society. Web 2.0 has had a major impact on all three of these groups which results in major impacts on our daily lives. The major implication of Web 2.0 technologies on our society is that our human society is merging with a network of computers (Nations, 2010). We used to just use the internet as a tool for information for anything we needed, such as sports, entertainment, academics, etc. Web 2.0s interactive capabilities and enormous network have made it almost an imperative to be connected in this network for various social reasons. It is almost like we have both a human state of being and a network being at the same time. With our dependence (or possibly addiction) on this technology, these networks are becoming a necessity in other technologies like cell phone applications and smaller laptops. Whether or not this is a positive impact on society is debatable. Certainly proponents of technology and innovation support Web 2.0 technologies as an improvement in communications around the world. Opponents do not seem to be as strong in their stance, but there are those that argue that peoples privacy is at risk and that Web 2.0 is another tool for western globalism. Anybody who watches the news witnessed the major impact Web 2.0 can have on societies in the last couple of years. The 2009 presidential election in Iran that resulted in the re-election of Mahmoud Ahmandinejad sparked in a fury of protests and riots that shook the nation to its core. The reason for the protests was the widespread feeling that the election was corrupt and Ahmandinejad was not the real winner of the election. In Iran, an Islamic republic, protestors are often treated with contempt from the police, the military and the government. Although it is called a republic, the nation is governed by a supreme leader (The Office of the Supreme Leader, Sayyid Ali Khamenei, 2010). It is thought by many that the elections in Iran are fixed and go to the candidate favored by Khamenei. Web 2.0 became a great opportunity for these protestors to show the rest of the world the injustice that was going on in their country (Weaver, 2010). The protestors posted photos, videos and blogs on s ites such as Facebook and Twitter, which gave the rest of the world a glimpse into what was happening in Iran. People from around the world saw this protest, saw the police response and became sympathetic to the cause of the protestors. Although Ahmandinejad has yet to step down as President of Iran, the protestors got the attention and sympathy of the rest of the world and have weakened diplomatic power for the Iranian rulers. This could have a major impact on their society as they try to move their society towards a secular democracy rather than an Islamic fundamentalist nation. Web 2.0 has become a necessity in the business world in many ways and has even impacted the way our government performs its duties. In todays world, businesses certainly have to keep up with what is going on with Web 2.0 in order to compete in the market. Many businesses now have Facebook pages and Twitter accounts so they can market to consumers and to do market research on these social networks. Also, businesses use this technology to improve information flows and knowledge management on technologies like wikis or blogs (Schneckenberg, 2009). This can have positive impacts on the business as well as increasing networking opportunities for co-workers. As mentioned earlier, our government is also getting involved with social network technologies. The Department of Defense is using technologies such as blogging, wikis, and RSS feeds among others in order to share knowledge with the military and intelligence agencies (Web 2.0 Guidance Forum, 2010). Using this technology gives us a possible upgrade in security in our country as well as major advantages for us overseas. Web 2.0s impact on our government does not end with bureaucracies. Politicians are using these technologies more and more to give them an edge with their constituents for elections (Hoffman, 2008). One politician who was able to effectively use Web 2.0 technologies was Barack Obama, who used Facebook and Meetup to connect with voters. With the growth of Web 2.0 networks, the importance of this technology on our nations political process will also grow and have long-term impacts on how our society views candidates and their legislative ideas. Certainly, if Web 2.0 is having major impacts on our societys business and governmental entities, Web 2.0 is going to impact our lives in some way daily. Conclusion Web 2.0 is vastly changing the way information is spread throughout the world. Like any technology, there are both advantages and disadvantages of using it. Web 2.0 can be used to help promote a companys business, but it can also be a means for customers to complain about the companys service. Web 2.0 allows for a faster way of spreading information in the form of Twitter and Facebook, but these sites also raise privacy concerns. Web 2.0 allows for more opportunities for people to share information on the internet. More peoples opinions will be online, and there is no way of guaranteeing what others will do with this information. As we mentioned, there have been some problems with adoptive parents finding out that their children are talking to their birth parents without their consent. These types of problems will continue to rise in the future. Web 2.0 will ultimately grow and continue to impact our lives. Web 2.0 has brought many values to our society. For example, President Barack Obama was able to use Facebook to communicate with potential voters. Web 2.0 certainly had an impact on the support he was able to obtain throughout the presidential election. Politicians will eventually need to further utilize these technologies in order to gain a competitive edge in elections. Web 2.0 also facilitated the fast spread of information about the corruption associated with the Iranian elections. Web 2.0 will continue to affect important issues like this in the future.

Jewish history :: essays research papers

1. If I was Jewish and I were to capture a German soldier, the first thing I would do is beat insensibly until I know he won’t fight back. Second, I would find out where he is stationed at, get all his identification, learn all I can about him and take his uniform and everything else he has. I know he won’t just start spitting information out, so we will do alittle torturing till he wishes he dies. Then, after he tells us the information, I will go done to his station and find out more on their plans. So will be like a Jewish spy. These actions will affect me, and my family because I am trying to do anything for our family to be safe. Because if they discover me, the will immediately kill me. 2. If I was in that position I will do everything I can for them to take me. I would even risk my life for them to leave my daughters alone. I would fight with them to get them mad, and hate me even more. Then they will change their minds and take me. My actions would affect my kids, my daughters, and especially me. While I’m fighting with them, they could just kill me right there. 3. What I would do is take that box, hide it for a while because I know the Germans will find out. So when they forget about it, I’ll sneak it out and take as much as I can for my family and I. Then I will give the rest to a family that indeed they need the food. The actions won’t affect no one unless they find out, the food will be nutritious for us, for our health and especially for our lives. 4. As soon as I hear about those laws, the first thing I would do is leave the country with my family. So in this case I would avoid any and every conflict I could have. It wouldn’t be nothing serious only that my family and I would finally be safe.

Monday, August 19, 2019

The Lord Of The Flies: Summary :: The Lord of the Flies

The Lord of the Flies: Summary The novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding, an adventure and suspense story, is written in 1857. The story sets on an deserted Pacific coral island. A group of school boys are marooned on this island after a plane crash on a trip to Australia. The story begins with a large number of school boys on an uninhabited tropical island and two of the elder boys who have leadership qualities compete to achieve a semblance of order so as to survive. Ralph, who has found a conch and blows it to summon all the boys to a meeting, is concerned about the well being of everyone, while Jack is more concerned with making rules and punishing offenders. However, only one firm rule is established by Ralph and that is only the person holding the conch will be permitted to speak at meetings. The two leaders soon discover that they do not like each other because of their difference priorities and the conflict begins between them. It causes the group to split into two, with Jack=s followers being in the majority. Ralph is concerned with building shelters, arranging work and on being rescued but Jack only wants to roam the jungle and hunt. The failure to establish rules soon creates confusion and inappropriate behavior encouraged by Jack. Ralph=s only supporter is Piggy, a fat asthmatic boys who nobody likes because he is always lecturing and criticizing everyone=s behavior. Jack bullies him constantly and the other boys make fun of him. Jack and his followers spend most of their time hunting for wild pigs so Ralph=s efforts to organize the group fail. By now, most of the older boys are beginning to act like savages, hunting wild pigs, going into a frenzy when they succeed and celebrate their kill with wild dancing around a fire. One night during an air-battle, a body of a parachutist lands on the island and has become tangled on some rocks on the mountain. A rumor of a Abeast@ on their island discovers that the beast the parachutist but unfortunately never has the opportunity to tell the others. He is mistaken for the beast and is accidentally killed during a wild celebration feast that takes place after a successful hunt by Jack and his followers. Later on, Ralph=s last follower is also killed but not by accident. Ralph has lost all his followers and is pursued by the others who want to kill him. Will he survive? And who is the Lord of the Flies? The story, full of suspense and horror, captures my imagination and my

Sunday, August 18, 2019

Curricular Aims: Assessment of University Capstone :: Education School Essays

Curricular Aims: Assessment of University Capstone Albert North Whitehead (1929) believed that the raison d’etre of universities was neither for the imparting of knowledge nor for the opportunity for research. Cheaper alternatives for both were and are available to achieve those functions. Instead, he asserted. The justification for a university is that it preserves the connections between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. The university imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which it should perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence (p. 93). When Whitehead described the purpose of education in his text, The Aims of Education, he had the luxury of his assertions without the burden of proof. The Academy today, while equally as passionate about the aims of education as Whitehead, must not only describe its reason(s) for existence, it must also provide evidence that those aims which it described as important are ultimately attained by its students. This evidence must be considered and presented both for ourselves (The Academy) and for our â€Å"constituents† (i.e. students, accrediting bodies, employers, donors, and society). The authors assert that three issues are paramount to any assessment of a curriculum in higher education. The first deals with the â€Å"reason for existence† issue raised by Whitehead (i.e. Are we doing the right thing?). The second issue has to do with examination of whether we are accomplishing our goals (i.e. Are we doing the right thing right?). The final issue involves how we can assess whether we are doing the "right thing right." Doing the right thing? Several years ago, Millikin University embarked on the difficult challenge to create a seamless curriculum that provided for intentional connections -- connections between the major and the non-major, connections between the curricular components at each level, and connections between the curricular components over the course of four years. In the development of this comprehensive and cohesive curriculum (dubbed the MPSL -- the Millikin Program of Student Learning), the faculty identified "common threads" of the MPSL. Those common threads are 1) Student learning goals, 2) Core questions, values, and means, and 3) Proficiencies. (See the student learning goals in Table 1 for the specific elements defining each one). The faculty vision for the University is actualized through the effective implementation of these common threads within the curriculum.

Saturday, August 17, 2019

CORPORAL PUNISHMENT Essay

Positive Effects of Corporal Punishment Corporal punishment in regards to spanking has been used for hundreds of years in educational systems and in house holds and is still legal in all fifty states for parents to use in there household because it is an effective way to punish a child for wrong behavior. Even though in the last couple of decades this topic has been very controversial, many countries and educational systems have decided to outlawed corporal punishment because of the belief that it has created more and more violent behavior in children. But, there is still no direct link to spanking causing children to have more violent behavior. However, if youth violence and dysfunction is increasing at the same time that corporal punishment is decreasing, we should be open enough to consider whether the two trends are related. Maybe there is no connection. But maybe lawmakers and child welfare workers should pay more attention to the research suggesting that physical discipline can be helpful in certain contexts (Larzele re,2005). The whole reason for ‘punishment’ is to stop a behavior from happening again by applying an unpleasant stimulus immediately after a bad behavior has occurred. Therefore, we use corporal punishment because it is a method of punishment called punishment by application which spanking is applied to the child after a bad behavior, preventing it from happening again, which also help implement discipline. But corporal punishment is being apposed because other studies say it promotes more anger and aggression in juveniles, but places where it has been totally outlawed have shown different results. For instance, after Sweden outlawed spanking, violent behavior did not decrease. Instead, there has been substantially more violence in Sweden than ever before– violence by children, violence by parents, and violence by society in general (Grusec, 1994). That being said, there is no direct link to corporal punishment being the cause of violence increase because this shows it did just the opposite. But research does show that it could be linked to  something else, journalist Patricia Hersch tells of the ‘deluge of adolescent dysfunction sweeping the nation, manifesting itself in everything from drugs, sex, and underachievement to depression, suicide, and crime’; and it is being seen in younger and younger children. About 20% of kids now ‘have some sort of developmen tal, learning, or behavioral disorder.’ And as the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development warns, ‘substantial numbers of American youth are at risk of reaching adulthood unable to meet adequately the requirements of the workplace, the commitments of relationships in families and with friends, and the responsibilities of participation in a democratic society.’(Hersch, 1998) And a lot of this is being caused by the lack of parenthood and how parents are raising their kids now days with substantially fewer parents staying home with their kids and we have become addicted to TV, movies, and videogames (Rosemond, 1989). Parents don’t have to attend to their kids as much because they just put a T.V. or some kind of videogame system in front of them to keep them occupied. Thus, giving the kids less interaction with other people and their parents, which can lead to bad relationships and also antisocial which leads to aggression as well. So we see all these thin gs that easily effect our children and their behavior but people still try to link all of it back to corporal punishment when we should look at the big picture. A common misunderstanding is how to use corporal punishment correctly, and the primary goal most parents have in administering corporal punishment is to stop children from misbehaving immediately (Gershoff, 2002) and is indeed a good method when used correctly. When a parent is using corporal punishment out of anger, frustration, or aggression, the child will learn that same action you apply on them. Therefore, the punishment can be classified as abuse to an extent and when pain is being forced on a child out of your own aggression and anger they learn those same attributes and those later on cause behavioral problems down the road. But when used just to stop a specific behavior with out trying to inflict pain on the child is when it is most effective, and yes spanking is a primitive discipline method. But a child’s mind is also primitive. As researchers like Dr. Jean Piaget of the University of Geneva have popularized, kids learn from the tangible to the intangible—fro m the concrete to the abstract. It is during  the tangible, concrete stages when physical discipline seems to be the most helpful (Fuller, 2010). Thus, when using corporal punishment correctly and not abusively, the child understands immediately at a younger age. It is just like a dog, you need to train them at a very young age for the training to be most effective. Same thing goes for children because at a young age is when it becomes concrete, and just like dogs again, and when they start getting older it’s harder to get children to obey, and you cant teach a dog new tricks. But statistics from Sears, Maccoby, and Levin (1957) show that they found that 99% of the children they studied experienced CP at least occasionally. If that’s true and corporal punishment causes aggression, promotes violent activities, and learning disabilities like people say then why doesn’t everyone have aggression, behavior problems, and learning disabilities? They don’t because spanking is to be better at controlling aggression than mental punishments like timeout, reasoning, scolding, â€Å"non-contact† punishment, privilege removal, love withdrawal, or diverting. Also showing that calm and controlled spanking, and spanking in response to defiance, is uniformly more beneficial than other punishments. (Larzelere,2005) Growing up in a household where corporal punishment was definitely used by my parents, I feel my experience has had a huge impact on me because it has honestly helped me now more than anything. I say that because at a young age I learned fast what was right and wrong and have always been able to pick up onto things fast, and as I grew up I might have had some family problems and what not but I feel like me being disciplined at such a young age, it has kept with me all along. And I’m not just disciplined because I think I will be punished or something, but I have learned to be more, I’ve learned to be self-disciplined, and being disciplined has helped me in school, sports, living life on a daily basis, and my future. And that is another reason I believe corporal punishment is effective; it teaches discipline at such a young age, and with discipline comes responsibility, and these two traits are key for healthy lifestyle not just at a young age but through your whole life . Because no matter how old you are their will always be a punishment for your disobedience, whether it’s disobeying your parents or it’s  disobeying a police officer, either way your going to have to disciplined enough to take responsibility for your actions. And if your making bad decisions or choices then you’ll probably have a worse punishment whether it’s a spanking or you go to prison. Punishments just get worse as we get older so might as well be disciplined now then end up in jail. In conclusion, I see corporal punishment as a very effective way for children to learn not to disobey your parents but to also just be obedient in general. Even though some researchers say it has evidence leading to violent behaviors and aggression, their research seems to be inadequate when it comes to the results and observations of research. Research trying to support the outlaw of corporal punishment even says the evidence presented is not strong enough to permit a conclusion that it has been proven that smacking causes long term adverse effects on children (Larzelere,2005). Proving my point that corporal punishment is not a direct link to issues down the line, and I would like to reinforce that corporal punishment is an effective way of punishment if used for the right reason and depending on the context of the behavior, and that it has personally directed me and influenced me in more of a positive way. Abstract After using the information I was able to gather from R. E. Larzelere, J. E. Grusec, P. Hersch, as well as J. Rosemod to help support my idea that corporal punishment is still an effective way of punishment in today’s society. Even though there is so many argued topics on the issue at the moment, I still concluded from my research that corporal punishment has no direct link to violence, aggression, and behavioral problems. Even after looking at evidence from E. Gershoff that tries to support the idea that corporal punishment causes behavioral problems as well as violent behaviors, a thorough understanding of whether and how corporal punishment affects children has not been reached. It hasn’t been reached because the research that is being used is unreliable and some of the parents are not aware of how to properly use corporal punishment on a child, so they are actually doing harm to their child because they are punishing the child out of anger rather than the sole reaso n to stop a behavior. Therefore, I believe  corporal punishment is an effective way of punishment and helps direct children the correct way down the road in life with quality traits like discipline, responsibility, and respecting and obeying your authorities. Reference Robert E. Larzelere & Brett R. Kuhn, Comparing Child Outcomes of Physical Punishment and Alternative Disciplinary Tactics: A Meta-Analysis, 8 CLINICAL CHILD & FAM. PSYCHOL. REV. 1, 32 (2005) [hereinafter Larzelere, Meta-Analysis] Joan E. Grusec & Jacqueline J. Goodnow, Impact of Parental Discipline Methods on the Child’s Internalization of Values: A Reconceptualization of Current Points of View, 30 DEV. PSYCHOL. 7 (1994) PATRICIA HERSCH, A TRIBE APART: A JOURNEY INTO THE HEART OF AMERICAN ADOLESCENCE 12 (1998) JOHN ROSEMOND, JOHN ROSEMOND’S SIX-POINT PLAN FOR RAISING HAPPY, HEALTHY CHILDREN 179-80 (1989) Gershoff, E. (2002). Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review.Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 539-579. Retrieved from http://www.comm.umn.edu/~akoerner/courses/4471-F12/Readings/Gershoff (2002).pdf

Friday, August 16, 2019

Holes by Louis Sachar Essay

The book â€Å"Holes† by Louis Sachar is an interesting book that relates with friendship, independence and justice. Although this is pure fiction by its immaterial plot, it does not have a bad concept that could affect our child’s understanding of our long history of culture. We could include this book among our collection of stories for the kids in our library because for a child this book is full of fun and adventure. Its content can further contribute to the active imagination of young students and it could also provide interest in their reading for adventure books. Consequently, this book tells the story of a young boy whose family has been experiencing bad luck because his grandfather has been put in a curse. The clan has since been gripped by importunate events. One day bad luck falls on Stanley Yelnats, one of the great grandsons of the cursed man. He was hit by an expensive pair of tennis shoes on the head. Wondering who could have done that thing, the owner of the shoes saw him holding them and was immediately accused of stealing them. Since he is from a poor family the boy cannot afford to defend himself and was incarcerated. He was given options to choose between two camps for his exile and he chose Camp Green Lake assuming it would be full of plants and vegetation out there. But the camp is a dessert and they have to do hard labor digging Holes all day with his campmates. Notwithstanding the harsh weather in the dessert, he also has to deal with his camp mates who are also harshly unpredictable. Each of them has different personalities and eccentricities but they began to form friendship. Digging Holes everyday in the dessert seems like a never ending nightmare to the boys. Although the purpose of these Holes is a puzzle to them the warden’s goal for these digging is to find the long lost buried treasures which Stanley’s grandfather has buried (Sachar â€Å"Read Aloud Recommendations†). The antecedence of the story creates a wondrous marvel to readers. The whirlwinds which seemingly struck the audience is a valor for the author. Analysis There is however a controversial element that this book represents. Somehow this story portrays injustice and justice, bullying, and bad fate and juvenile delinquency. Further, there is also a bit of racism in there where the characters implies that it is against the law to kiss a black person. The term â€Å"negro† was included which was part of the plot in those days. But somehow, the use of history in the book was incredible. We can consider this book a fiction because of its plots, settings and the characters. For an adult it is likely overwhelming to believe such actions and events. But as I have said this book is just for fun nevertheless it could be an interesting book for small children because it has magic as well as values and lessons within (Sachar Holes). This story simply discusses life with friendship and love for freedom. And it could be presume that it does not propose or make any controversial issue which could harm our children’s learning and understanding. We could easily explain to children the way things goes with the story because it discusses the life of a boy in prison and the cruel treatments he suffered with the guards. He was somehow treated unfairly and we have to discuss these matters to the children that not all boys can have this experience and this can only happen in the book judging from our justice system today. And so it is recommended that this book or film could be advised to be read or watch by grade 5-6 students. For an adult, this book can be literally tedious as if everything was too unbelievable. We can just consider this as a tall tale and nevertheless have a little fun trying to pick up little puzzles altogether and connect them in the end. Many readers may have different understanding and association with this book but it surely connects to the point of friendship, loyalty and trust. Discussion With regard with questionable manners portrayed in the story, nothing really delineates the characters to more than just happy people but able to meet unfortunate events and get meshed with it somehow. Although there were instances that the characters show anger, frustrations and hopelessness, the intention to serve and protect other people is clearly indicated. This is the part where we can see changes and grow in the attitude of the characters. If we have to follow certain rules and guidelines in adapting this story to children in California, we have standards in this state that follows guidelines such as stated in the California Standards for Teaching Profession. It indicates that all students must have all the rights in learning with the teacher and this will be built on student’s knowledge, different life experiences and the goal to accomplish learning. That a teacher can use a variety of instructional materials and strategies that can correspond to every student are diverse needs. The teacher with her willingness and all the rights to make use of challenging experiences to each and every student living in different environment thus encouraging autonomy, freedom and interaction. It is also one of the exclusive rights of the teacher to actively participate and engage all the students in problem solving and critical thinking methods that may surpass any subject matter. Skills and concepts will be the tools in encouraging students to use them in real-life which could make their life significant. Teachers are the tools in the development of the students who will be more self-directed, demonstrative, more articulate and evaluative and this can start from the classroom. (California). Going back to the characters in the book, the children can be asked whom among the characters could very well fit to their personality, likes and dislikes and why? We can suggest that Stanley has portrayed the greatest and more challenging part in the story because of his courage and self-reliance. We can also discuss how characters grow to be more self-reliant and cooperative between them. We can also ask the significance of the title â€Å"Holes† to the students and explain its relevance. Or we can suggest meaning such as Holes in the title to signify Holes in our life and our society. The teacher can also suggest that the author wanted the young people to be independent in their shortcomings and weakness to be able to grow and change and merge with the society. All in all this book was made and published for children not to show discrimination, injustices and delinquency to children but to be able to analyze for themselves how they view things in the eyes of another child and how he made things better (Davis). Synthesis Formidably, this controversial story of Holes will not only catch the attention of the â€Å"juvenile† public, but as noted, it’s sense of distinctiveness is quite a pious form of prose which will surely leave minds in question as to whether the story helps in building the most justifiable sense of writing, or nevertheless the puzzling aroma pulls the trigger on bribing the minds of those who contain very minimal rationality. Personally, I loved the flow of the story and the sagacity which it coherently portrays piece by piece. It may have established ‘negative’ constraints towards ideals and perspectives on conventionality, but it fires up all the more.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

Marketing Plan for for Herborist Cosmetic Company, China

Contents i Executive summary3 ii List of Chart/ Figure4 1. 0 Situation analysis5 1. 1 Company and products background5 1. 1. 1 Company introduction5 1. 1. 2 Products introduction5 1. 2 Industry introduction6 1. 2. 1 Market size and share6 1. 2. 2 Developing trends7 1. 3 Macro-environmental analysis8 1. 3. 1 Political and legal environment8 1. 3. 2 Economic environment9 1. 3. 3 Sociocultural environment9 1. 3. 4 Technological environment10 1. 4 Competitive analysis10 1. 5 Customer analysis11 1. 6 Distribution channels analysis11 2. 0 SWOT analysis12 2. 1 Strengths12 2. 1. 1 Good organic cosmetics brand image12 2. 1. Clear marketing position13 2. 1. 3 Strong parent company13 2. 2 Weakness13 2. 2. 1 Capital not strong as many international cosmetic companies13 2. 2. 2 Lack of brand awareness14 2. 2. 3 Huge room of improvement in operations management14 2. 3 Opportunity14 2. 3. 1 Potential consumption capacity14 2. 3. 2 2008 Olympic Games attract western to traditional Chinese elements ( ‘Chinese wind’)15 2. 4 Threat15 2. 4. 1 Tough competition15 2. 4. 216 2. 4. 3 Investment risk (ROI and cash flow)16 2. 4. 4 Economic crisis17 3. 0 Objectives17 3. 1 Corporate objective17 3. 2 Marketing objectives17 4. 0 Marketing strategy18 4. 1 Target market18 4. Positioning strategy18 4. 3 Marketing mix19 4. 3. 1 Product strategy19 4. 3. 2 Pricing strategy21 4. 3. 3 Promotion strategy22 4. 3. 4 Place strategy24 5. 0 Budget for the next three years27 6. 0 Projected profit and loss statement28 7. 0 Action program29 8. 0 Control & feedback29 8. 1 Sales analysis29 8. 2 Market share analysis30 8. 3 Profitability by product30 8. 4 Efficiency on advertising, sales promotion analysis30 8. 5 Sales-force efficiency31 9. 0 Reference32 i Executive summary The marketing plan is aimed to outline a systematic marketing strategy for Herborist Cosmetic Company, which is specialized in herbal cosmetics.This marketing plan will firstly carry out a deliberate analysis on the market share , size, macro environment, distribution channel, competitor, customer and SWOT analysis for Herborist in Chinese cosmetic market. And then, based on the analysis, it will state the corporate and marketing objectives of Herborist and then give proper marketing strategy recommendations for Herborist. On one hand the recommendations will include the aspect of market segmentation combined with targeting consumer statement as well as positioning strategy.On the other hand, the recommendations will also include the suggestions on marketing mix such as the product strategies, pricing strategies, distribution strategies and promotion strategies. ii List of Chart/ Figure Figure 1 Market share and growth of different cosmetics sub-sectors, 2009†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 Figure 2 Skin care brands: share of total sales, 2008-09†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 Chart 1 Marketing budget chart for year 2011 to 2013†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦27 Chart 2 Projected profit and loss statement (2011 — 2013)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 28 Chart 3 Implementation schedule†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦29 1. Situation analysis 1. 1 Company and products background 1. 1. 1 Company introduction Shanghai Herborist Co. , Ltd. launched in 1998, as a subsidiary of the leading cosmetic producer Shanghai Jahwa United Co. , Ltd, is independently operated (Herborist official website 2010). As its great focus on using indigenous Chinese herbs in its natural beauty-care products, it has won population to a certain extent in the domestic cosmetic market of skin care aspect and was awarded with the title of â€Å"Shanghai famous brand† in 2005(Herborist official website 2010).And till the year 2008, Herborist has launched in Europ ean market through cooperation with Sephora, which is a leading cosmetics retailers owned by Louis Vuitton Moet Hennessy Group (Sephora official website 2010). 1. 1. 2 Products introduction The personal care products of Herborist personal are born based on the concept of combination of both modern biotechnology and traditional herbal medicine.Under the emphasis of the balance between traditional Chinese medicine theory and the high-tech means of modern technology, these products in Herborist can effectively recuperate skin, body and spirit to achieve the original beauty and make the users' skin as newly born (Herborist official website 2010). Herborist's products focus on not only the care of face and body but also the internal part, which always insist the concept of integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine into the latest fruits of modern biotechnology.Take its star product ‘Tai Chi Mud’ for example, it shows the last-for-ever Chinese aesthetic of balance via the comp atibility of Yin and Yang. And at the same time, due to the opening of Herborist Spa since the year 2002, Herborist cooperate the oil from herbal essence and herbal water therapy to offer women with holistic care, which also shows its concepts of balance beauty and health on the basis of Chinese traditional herbal medicine (Herborist official website 2010). 1. 2 Industry introduction 1. 2. Market size and share According to the research from Li and Fung (2009), it shows that the cosmetics market of China has enjoyed a continuous growth over recent years and China has become the second largest cosmetics market in Asia nowadays. And meanwhile, Chinese consumers' increasing purchasing power and more and more Chinese women's participation in the workforce have strengthened growth in the cosmetics market. Li and Fung (2009) also showed the data that retail value of China’s cosmetics has grown by 26. % and even reached ? 48. 83 billion CNY in 2008 from the National Bureau of Statis tics (NBS). Meanwhile, from Figure 1(Li & Fung 2009), we can see the skin care products have taken up a big market share even to 26. 3% of Chinese cosmetic market. And meanwhile the major market share of skin care products still dominated by some famous foreign brands such as P&G, Shieido, L'Oreal and some local low-end price brands such as Dabao and Longliqi(Li & Fung 2009).As the up-rising star of the cosmetic brand, Herborist’s market share is about 0. 3% out of the total market share till the first quarter of the year 2010 (Herborist official website 2010). Figure 1 Market share and growth of different cosmetics sub-sectors, 2009 Source: Access Asia 1. 2. 2 Developing trends On the basis of the survey from AMA Communication Services (2010), there is a trend of growing health awareness among Chinese consumers due to the development of China's economy.That's why Chinese consumers prefer cosmetic products using natural ingredients than chemical products, especially the ones with strong attachment to Chinese Traditional Medicine (TCM), which is an essential part of Chinese culture. Due to this special preference of Chinese consumers, there is a trend that more and more players, not only domestic but also foreign ones, begin to position their cosmetic products with mild chemical formulae as well as herbal and natural ingredients (Li & Fung 2009).P, for instance, added herbal ingredients such as Shouwu and Ginseng to its nourishing shampoos series of Chinese market. Lux of Unilever also launched its shampoos series with the addition of Chinese herbal ingredients including Danggui, Gingko and Bai Hao Yinzhen in Chinese market. Under this trend, Herborist Co. , Ltd has launched series of natural beauty care products with the ingredients of herbs since the year of 1998, and now enjoys a good popularity of nature beauty care brand (Herborist official website 2010). . 3 Macro-environmental analysis Macro-environment is the outside factors including political, economic, sociocultural, technological and legal forces, which influence the survival of the organization (Elliott, Rundle-Thiele & Waller 2010). 1. 3. 1 Political and legal environment In China, central government still encourages the domestic product's growth, which is some kind of guarantee for the development of domestic cosmetic companies, such as Herborist Co. Ltd (Ting 2009). While, at the same time, with the implementation of some tight regulations on cosmetic products such as the Hygiene Standard for Cosmetics (2007 Edition) and the Hygiene Standard for Cosmetics Manufacturers (2007 edition), Chinese government and consumers pay more and more attention to the safety of cosmetic products, especially after the Japan-based SK-II was tested and found to contain some unapproved substances in Chinese counter (Li & Fung 2009).For instance the total number of prohibited and restricted substances used in cosmetics is higher at 1,286, and there is also strict limitation on the use of certain ingredients contained in preservatives, sunscreen agent, coloring agent and hair dye agent. This also puts Herborist on alert to focus on their products safety. 1. 3. 2 Economic environment The economic conditions in China offer Herborist Co. , Ltd not only opportunities but also risks. China is the second large cosmetic market in Asia and the total retail sales of cosmetics in China is about ? 48. 3 billion CNY in 2008, which shows the great potential consumption power for cosmetic players both global and local, including Herborist(Li & Fung 2009). While the tax rate for the skin care products in China is about 8% to 30% or so on and to comply with the World Trade Organization agreements, the import tariffs of cosmetic products has been gradually reduced over the past few years, which bring great pressure for Herborist to face not only the expensive product tax but also the hyper competition from products of foreign players due to the relatively cheaper price compared to t he previous after the reduction of import tariffs. . 3. 3 Sociocultural environment There is a special preference on natural ingredients specially the addition of herbal material in skin care products, due to the Chinese Traditional Medicine therapy is the essence of Chinese culture (AMA Communication Services 2010). As for Herborist, this preference on natural ingredients skin care products of Chinese consumers is a great advantage. 1. 3. 4 Technological environment The increased usage of the internet in China is the result from the development of technology, which results in the popularity of expansion the online platform for product sale for most cosmetic companies.Under this situation, Herborist has also set up online platforms to show its products in order to reach more young customers (Herborist official website 2010). 1. 4 Competitive analysis As shown in figure 2 (Li & Fung 2009), the top 10 skin care brands accounted for nearly 80% sales in 2009 of Chinese market, in which the foreign players take up a large share in the mid-high and high-end segments such as P&G, L’Oreal and Shiseido. For Herborist these foreign brands including Olay, L’Oreal, Aupres, Yue-Sai, Avon, Shiseido and so on which also have the orientation on mid and mid-high segments are the powerful opponents.Figure 2 Skin care brands: share of total sales, 2008-09 2009 2008 BrandCompany nameShare of total sales (%) OlayProcter & Gamble (Guangzhou) Ltd 29. 71 AupresShiseido Liyuan Cosmetics Co Ltd 18. 94 L’OrealL’Oreal China11. 83 LancomeL’Oreal China7. 60 ShiseidoShiseido Liyuan Cosmetics Co Ltd 3. 47 Yue-SaiL’Oreal China2. 52 DeBonLG Household & Health Care Ltd 1. 32 TJOYNanjing Jianong Chemical Co. Ltd1. 11 DabaoBeijing San Lu Factory0. 61 Pond’sUnilever China Ltd 0. 61 Others22. 29 BrandCompany nameShare of total sales (%) OlayProcter & Gamble (Guangzhou) Ltd 34. 0 AupresShiseido Liyuan Cosmetics Co Ltd 13. 91 L’OrealL’Ore al China8. 36 DabaoBeijing San Lu Factory 5. 74 LongliqiJiangsu Longliqi Group Co Ltd 3. 61 TJOYNanjing Jianong Chemical Co. Ltd 2. 58 Yue-SaiL’Oreal China2. 33 AvonAvon (China) Co Ltd 1. 36 MininurseL’Oreal China1. 08 Pond’sUnilever China Ltd 1. 01 Others25. 82 1. 5 Customer analysis According to the research carried out by AMA Communication Services (2010), the average monthly expenditure on beauty and skin care products of female white collar consumers in Shanghai, Beijing reached 1,000 RMB (about 150 USD).And in other secondary cities of China, there is also large consumption capacity on skin care products. According to the data from Herborist official website (2010), there are at least 270,000 consumers as its members and near 90,000 core member, who contributes nearly 45% consumption of Herborist’s products. Moreover, most of the core members of Herborist are the ones who switch from using international high-end skin care products to Herboristâ€⠄¢s products and they have great brand loyalty to Herborist.Meanwhile these core members are also have great influence on motivating other consumers choosing Herborist’s products. 1. 6 Distribution channels analysis There are diverse distribution channels for Herborist to deliver its products to domestic consumers such as opening counters in China’s major department stores and professional stores and setting up specialty stores to sell its products (Herborist official website 2010). For instance, Herborist has already opened nearly 450 specialty stores until 2008, 70% of them are franchises. 2. SWOT analysis For Herborist, to have a better business performance, it is crucial to be able to understand the current opportunities in the market place, the major threat it may faced at the present as well as in the future, the strengths that Herborist owns compared with other competitors and the weakness which may affect its performance and future development (Elliott, Rundle- Thiele & Waller 2010). The SWOT analysis for Herborist will be implemented in the following, which will indentify the internal strengths, weakness, the external opportunities and threats related to Herborist. . 1 Strengths 2. 1. 1 Good organic cosmetics brand image Since the year of 1998, Herborist has begun to distinguish itself via intergrating Traditional Chinese Medicine into the latest fruits of modern biotechnology. And till now, it has already built a good image of organic cosmetics. The philosophy via Yin-Yang balance to enable skin, body and spirit to reach idea harmony and radiate natural, individualized and healthy beauty, has welcomed by a great many Chinese consumers(Herborist official website 2010). . 1. 2 Clear marketing position Herborist has posited itself as organic skin care brand and oriented itself targeted at middle and high income female white collar consumers, which attracts more than 270,000 consumers as its members and near 90,000 core members (Herborist of ficial website 2010). 2. 1. 3 Strong parent company The parent company of Herborist is Shanghai Jahwa United Co. , Ltd, a leading Chinese domestic cosmetics producer, which is good at integrating R&D, production, distribution and service.And meanwhile, Shanghai Jahwa has planed to invest ? 170 million to enhance the market share of Herborist, which can facilitate the development and maturity of Herborist(Herborist official website 2010). 2. 2 Weakness 2. 2. 1 Capital not strong as many international cosmetic companies Although Herborist has the support from Shanghai Jahwa, the capital of it is still not strong as some international cosmetic companies, which limits its spending on research and development (Whiteman & Krug 2008). . 2. 2 Lack of brand awareness Although Herborist has gain a reputation of healthy and organic skin care brand, it still lack brand awareness among several Chinese consumers, due to the limited investment in advertising. For instance, Herborist only promotes its products in print advertisement while ignoring other channels such TV ads, radio ads and so on (Chinairn 2009). 2. 2. 3 Huge room of improvement in operations management Operations management is another weak part for Herborist.It is reported that poor logistics management has led to long lead-time, high inventory as well as capital tie-up which place heavy burden on the future development of Herborist (Chinairn 2009). 2. 3 Opportunity 2. 3. 1 Potential consumption capacity In September 2006, the products of SK-II was tested and found to contain some unapproved substances in Chinese counter, followed by other world famous cosmetic brand including Clinique, Lancome, Dior and Estee Lauder whose cosmetic products were said to have prohibited substances (Ting, C. 2009).Due to these incidents, more and more Chinese consumers began to choose some organic and herbal skin care products, which is a great opportunity for Herborist to meet. According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NB S), the consumption power on cosmetic products will reach at ? 60 billion CNY in 2010, in which skin care products will take up nearly 30% of the total number, which for Herborist is really good new chance (Li & Fung 2009). 2. 3. 2 2008 Olympic Games attract western to traditional Chinese elements (‘Chinese wind’) Because of the 2008 Olympic Games, all the attention was focused on China which brought a Chinese wind.In skin care aspect, not only the Chinese consumers began to switch to choose herbal and organic products but also the foreign consumers show great interest in the skin care products with traditional Chinese medicine inside (AMA Communication Services 2010). As organic cosmetic brand specialized in herbal cosmetics, Herborist has developed under the concept of intergrating Traditional Chinese Medicine into the latest fruits of modern biotechnology, which made Herborist become one of the most popular domestic organic cosmetic brands in Chinese market under the ‘Chinese wind’(Simon 2009). 2. 4 Threat 2. . 1 Tough competition For Herborist, the biggest threat is the tough competition mostly from international players. Chinese skin care market is almost occupied by international cosmetics giants including L’Oreal, P&G, Estee Lauder Shiseido and so on (Li & Fung 2009). And because of the excellent brand building and management capability, massive advertising efforts as well as leading research and development capability, the products from multinational cosmetics corporations stand for quality, reliability and reputation in hearts of Chinese consumers compared with the local brands (Li & Fung 2009).For Herborist, to beat these international cosmetics giants and win more customers from them are really a big challenge. 2. 4. 2 Image of ‘made in China’ The tag of ‘made in china’ often stands for cheap price while poor quality, which also exits in skin care products (Wharton n. d). Just like the forei gn brands stands for quality, reliability and reputation, the Chinese made skin care products for foreign customers means poor in quality and even the same for some Chinese consumers.For Herborist, this kind of phenomenon is a great threat to both expand the domestic market share and especially position itself for the international markets. 2. 4. 3 Investment risk (ROI and cash flow) From the official website of Herborist (2010), the company has planed to invest ? 170 million to enhance the market share. Although it is good news for Herborist’s future development, it has to consider the issue on the period of return on investment (ROI).Herborist has the experience of too long time ROI, for instance, Herborist began to make profit after it came into the domestic cosmetic market seven years (Herborist official website 2010). If the return on this time’s ? 170 million investment still last too long, Herborist has to face the risk of cash flow problem, which may result in big financial dilemma for Herborist. 2. 4. 4 Economic crisis Due to the economic crisis in the recent year, the purchasing power is reduced and preference is inclined to relatively cheap products which for Herborist oriented on middle to high cosmetic products is a kind of pressure (Li & Fung 2009). . 0 Objectives 3. 1 Corporate objective Corporate objective for Herborist is to become a world class enterprise with the capability of innovation and creativity to not only continuously introduce high quality new products to meet the needs of the consumers but also maintain good quality products under the concept of integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine into the latest fruits of modern biotechnology (Herborist official website 2010). 3. 2 Marketing objectives The marketing objectives for Herborist include two parts.On the one hand, Herborist plans to expand its cover of domestic distribution channels to 170 main cities and enlarge the retail terminals from 700 to 1,200. On the other h and, Herborist plans to expand its market outside the China mainland market via the cooperation with Sephora (Herborist official website 2010). Herborist aims to achieve ? 1. 35 billion of sales revenue in the end of 2014 and increase the revenue as well as Compound Average Growth Rate (CAGR) to 21. 98% within the next five years (Herborist official website 2010). . 0 Marketing strategy The following is the market strategy for Herborist including the targeted market, position as well as marketing mix strategies, which is based on the above analysis. 4. 1 Target market As the organic cosmetic company, Herborist is specialized in herbal cosmetics. In the full of furious competition cosmetic market of China, the primary consumer target for Herborist is middle to upper income white collar females who prefer natural, mild but effective skin care products.The secondary consumer target is college female students, who look for mild products to maintain their young and fresh skins. This segm ent is focused on these female college students who prefer buying international cosmetic brand while have pressures on the pricing part. According to the survey that there is an increasing rate on the purchasing capability of female college or university students towards middle to high end cosmetic products, which is an important segment for Herborist to focus(AMA Communication Services). . 2 Positioning strategy Herborist will position itself as the middle to high end cosmetic products which focuses on the balance between traditional Chinese medicine theories adherence to Chinese elements of Tai chi, lotus, green and the high-tech means of modern technology to continuously introduce high quality new products to meet the needs of the consumers on their skin care. 4. Marketing mix Marketing mix describes these different elements such as price, product, promotion, place, people, and process and so on that marketers need to consider (Elliott, Rundle-Thiele, & Waller 2010), which is ess ential for Herborist to consider in its marketing process to achieve better performance. The following will analyze four areas of marketing mix including the aspects of price, product, promotion, and place for Herborist’s marketing process. 4. 3. Product strategy Product is defined as a good, service or idea offered to the market for exchange, which plays a vital role in the marketing process, which is the means for companies to satisfy the functional, social and psychological needs, wants and demands of customers (Elliott, Rundle-Thiele, & Waller 2010). For Herborist, it is important to emphasize the importance of the product strategy. 4. 3. 1. 1 Product diversification strategy Palmer (2009) advocated the importance of product diversification strategy, which is also proper for Herborist.Products all have their lifecycles and especially the skin care products have the relatively short lifecycle (Kotler& Armstrong 2008), so it is important for Herborist to focus on the produc t innovation and providing a wider product portfolio to meet the market requirements under deliberate market analysis. Moreover, besides the innovation on skin care products, Herborist is recommended to enhance its R&D capacity on color cosmetics, hair care, and men’s cosmetics to perfect it products range of cosmetic products.Only under these activities can Herborist meet Chinese customers’ consumption concept of pursuit for practical, fresh, beautiful as well as top quality. 4. 3. 1. 2 Establishing strong brand loyalty Kotler and Armstrong (2008) believe the importance of establishment of brand loyalty. For Herborist, besides the already built membership system, it is also recommended to apply for the ISO9001 quality system certification, which can enhance the customers’ confidence of Herborist to improve customers’ favorable attitude and purchasing behavior towards Herborist’s products. 4. 3. 1. Maintenance its orientation As the organic cosmeti c brand, it’s important for Herborist to maintain its advantage on herbal cosmetics. To search the future development, it’s so essential for Herborist to maintain its image of Chinese characteristics. Only depending on this distinctiveness, can Herborist have more chances to become world famous cosmetic brand just like the road of the body shop and Shiseido does. 4. 3. 1. 4 Developing the packing and design of products One of the important means for gaining more market share is to have a distinct product design and packing (Elliot, Rundle-Thiele & Waller 2010).For Herborist, it is essential to focus more on packaging design to attract more consumers with high quality packaging materials for different products series and give people impression of domestic goods while foreign quality. For instance, the introduction of Chinese elements can be adopted in the product designing and packing such as Chinese painting, lotus and so on are all very Chinese style and give people a n impression of elegance and fresh, which is fit for Herborist’s image of herbal cosmetics. 4. 3. 2 Pricing strategy The price of products setting has great influence on companies’ rofit and marketing process, as the competitive environment changes, companies are recommended to consider when to initiate prices change and when to respond to them (Kotler &Armstrong 2008). For Herborist, it is important to consider proper pricing strategy to respond to the fluctuant marketing environment. 4. 3. 2. 1 Prestige pricing strategy To maintain the image of middle to high end cosmetic brand and accelerate the pace of advance to the high-end market, Herborist is recommended to adopt prestige pricing strategy (Kotler & Armstrong 2008), which requires Herborist to introduce its new products as a relatively middle to high price.For instance, with the gift box priced at ? 500 CNY, New Tai Chi Mud Mask ? 380 CNY and so on, Herborist has set a relatively good image of middle to high end cosmetic brand which shows the image of prestige, quality and exclusively to Chinese consumers who often hold the opinion that high price means high quality(Whiteman & Krug 2008). 4. 3. 2. 2 Product bundle pricing The price of Herborist’s products is almost at the same level with the international middle to high end cosmetic products especially the Shiseido.To strengthen its position of middle to high end cosmetic brand, it isn’t recommended for Herborist to discount its products too much and too often, because there is a deep rooted concept among Chinese consumers that cheap means low quality. While to attract consumers, it is necessary to offer discount. So it is recommended for Herborist to adopt product bundle pricing, which means combining several products together and offering the bundle at a reduced price (Kotler & Armstrong 2008), which can help Herborist improve profit via motivating more buying power. . 3. 3 Promotion strategy Promotion is the creation and m aintenance of communication with target markets, which makes potential consumers, partners and society aware of. Deliberate designed promotion strategy can help Herborist make consumers aware of and interested in its products and effectively and efficiently communicate its message about the products to the market place (Elliott, Rundle-Thiele& Waller2010,). The promotion strategy for Herborist is as below. 4. 3. 3. Outstanding special features Because China's consumers are almost pragmatists, if we only use some abstract and vague slogan and general propaganda tactics, it is difficult to persuade consumers to buy the products. The professional TCM report plus practical description in advertisement is recommended to highlight the effect of Herborist’s products to strengthen the confidence of consumers’ brand loyalty. And meanwhile, it is also recommended for Herborist to offer some free trial to consumers to get more feedback after they used, which can also help Herbori st promote its products. . 3. 3. 2 Advertising and brand ambassador Based on the survey from Solomon (2009), celebrities and beauty experts have huge influences on cosmetic purchases in Chinese market, which results in consumers relying on trial and error from celebrities and beauty experts rather than spending too much money on their own cosmetic trials. Due to this special scenario, finding a proper brand ambassador is recommended for Herborist to attract more customers via the convincing power from celebrities.The proper brand ambassador can help Herborist reach the needs of more consumers and strengthen its healthy and fresh image as herbal cosmetics and enhance its brand cognition. At the same time, it is also wise for Herborist to strengthen its propaganda coverage via ads on the newspapers, magazine as well as in public places such posting large poster in bus station, MTR station and other public places to attract more attention, which can largely incent consumers’ des ire to purchase Herborist’s products.Furthermore, sponsoring TV and radio programs on healthy life and beauty can also help Herborist to portray the image of advocating healthy, natural brand. 4. 3. 3. 3 Perfect customer relation management (CRM) Palmer (2009) claimed that it is so crucial for companies to develop good customer relationships because good quality alone may be insufficient for a company to gain competitive advantages in increasingly competitive markets, while good customer relation management can supplement a firm’s competitive advantage.For Herborist, it is necessary to improve the pre sales and after sales service. For instance, before purchasing products from Herborist, it is necessary to give proper and professional suggestions and guidance, which is an important part of brand building. Furthermore, providing professional beauty care lectures for consumers, free skin analysis under the help of professional skin analytical instrument as well as provid ing customers with improved return protection to enhance the reputation and the customers’ sense of belonging are all good approaches. 4. 3. Place strategy Herborist has already built a diverse distribution channels to deliver its cosmetic products to consumers, such as opening counters in China’s major department stores, professional stores and setting up specialty stores to sell its products (Herborist official website 2010). To become a world class Chinese cosmetic enterprise, Herborist is recommended to expand and strengthen its distribution channel. 4. 3. 4. 1 Open counter in big chain supermarkets Big chain supermarkets in China are important sales channels for lower-priced cosmetics products in a long history.While due to the launching of middle–range brands of broadening products such as Mininurse, Garnier and Maybelline in these retail chains by L’Oreal, P and other cosmetic giants, big chain Supermarkets in China have become new channels for mid dle price cosmetic brand to reach a wider audience (Li & Fung 2009). These foreign-owned hypermarkets and supermarkets such as Carrefour and Wal-mart as well as locals such as Lianhua , Hualian as well as Trust mart are often the initial choices.For Herborist, it is also recommended to open counters to launch its middle price range products in these hypermarkets and supermarkets just like L’Oreal, P and other leading cosmetic companies do, which can help Herborist to reach its secondary consumer target of college female students and other consumers who are searching for middle price cosmetic products in supermarkets and hypermarkets. 4. 3. 4. 2 Online sales Online sales may just represent a small share in overall cosmetics sales, but we can’t ignore its potential.And on the basis of the data got from the China Internet Network Information Centre, in the first half of 2007 there are more than 70% of the 162 million Internet population aged under 30 (Li & Fung 2009), for Herborist it is a powerful channel to reach parts of its primary and secondary consumers such as the young female white collar and college students. Although Herborist has set up online platforms to show its products, it hasn’t begun its online sales.To capture the huge potential, Herborist is recommended to launch online sales on its online platform, just like other successful cosmetics players have done, including DHC from Japan, SaSa and Sephora (Li & Fung 2009). For launching online sales, it can help Herborist to save more cost in hiring stores. For instance, some professional software for online sales such as Integrated Distribution System adopted by P have the distinctiveness of quick, effective, low cost, low risk, which is recommended for Herborist to adopt (AMA Communication Services 2010). . 3. 4. 3 Choosing proper agent The failure of Herborist in Hong Kong market is as below (Herborist official website 2010). At first, Herborist directly copied the sales model o f the mainland market, which can’t localize itself it the Hong Kong market. Secondly, Herborist invest too much to build its sales channel, which largely increased its sales cost. Thirdly, the strong resistance to the new brand such as Herborist in the Hong Kong market, which cost Herborist too much to enhance its brand cognitive.For Herborist, it is more suitable to find proper local agent to facilitate it expand in the market outside mainland China. For instance, it is recommended for Herborist to relaunch its products in Hong Kong market via the cooperation with SaSa. As a Hong Kong-based cosmetics retailing and beauty services provider, SaSa has already built well sales network and is experienced in solving the problems on new brand cognitive as well as has a good image of cosmetics retailing and beauty services provider (Li & Fung 2009), which can facilitate Herborist successfully come into the Hong Kong market. . 3. 4. 4 Pharmacies As a organic cosmetic brand and specia lized in herbal cosmetics, Herborist is recommended to launched its products in pharmacies just as these successful cosmeceutical brands do, including French Eau Thermale Avene, Vichy and La Roche-Posay, Japan’s Kanebo, Freeplus and Shiseido Ferzea and so on.As the research from AMA Communication Services (2010) showing, the skin care products in pharmacies to Chinese consumers means mild, soft, effective and professional, that’s why most of the Chinese cosmetic consumers have begun to switch their choices to cosmetic products in pharmacies, especially after the Japan-based SK-II was tested and found to contain some unapproved substances in Chinese counter. For Herborist, pharmacies are recommended distribution channels to gain more potential consumers. 5. Budget for the next three years The Chart below outlines the following three years budgets of Herborist on sales, promotions, distribution, and other related areas from 2011 to 2013. Chart 1 Marketing budget chart fo r year 2011 to 2013 Items Budget for 2011Budget for 2012Budget for 2013 Advertisement ? 30,000? 40,000? 50,000 Sale force training and stimulation? 5,000? 5,000? 5,000 Distribution channel expansion? 3,000? 4,000? 5,000 Distribution channel maintenance? 2,000? 2,500? 3,000 Website maintenance? 2,000? 2,000? 2,000 Website improvement ? 0,000? 8,000? 8,000 Public relations? 4,000? 4,000? 3,000 R? 20,000? 22,000? 25,000 Total? 76,000? 87,500? 101,000 In thousands (CNY) 6. 0 Projected profit and loss statement The chart below is the d profit and loss statement forecast of Herborist for year 2011 to 2013 Chart 2 Projected profit and loss statement (2011 — 2013) Subjects Time ? Thousands (CNY)Total ? Thousands (CNY) 201120122013201120122013 Total sales revenue ? 1,200,624 ? 107,052 ? 1,093,572? 1,253,049 ? 120,493 ? 1,132,556? 1,367,446 ? 35,240 ? 1,232,206 Advertisement &Promotion? 30,000? 40,000? 50,000 Sale force training and stimulation? 5,000? 5,000? 5,000 Distribution channel expansion? 3,000? 4,000? 5,000 Distribution channel maintenance? 2,000? 2,500? 3,000 Website maintenance? 2,000? 2,000? 2,000 Website improvement? 10,000? 8,000? 8,000 Public relations? 4,000? 4,000? 3,000 R&D? 20,000? 22,000? 25,000 Tax ? 21,052? 21,961? 23,997 Other expenses? 10,000? 11,032? 10,243 Total expenses Profit In thousands (CNY) 7. Action program Herborist will implement series of activities to facilitate itself achieve its business objectives in from the year 2011. Chart 3 Implementation schedule Subject123456789101112Total ? (CNY) 76,000,000 Sale force training and stimulation 5,000,000 Modification and improvement on website. 12,000,000 Integrated propagandas campaign on targeting consumers via on print, radio, TV, internet means 4,000,000 sales promotion with the continuing of the multimedia advertising campaign. 30,000,000 Research and development on products 0,000,000 Deliberate research to expand its distribution channels and maintenance 2,000,000 Expansion of its business to more locations. 3,000,000 8. 0 Control & feedback 8. 1 Sales analysis Herborist is planning to strengthen the systems for sale analysis, due to the timely data on sales is curial for the whole marketing plan. Furthermore, the sales analysis is recommended to be implemented monthly, which can facilitate Herborist to develop contingency plans to address the fast moving environmental changes, especially the customers’ needs (Kotler & Armstrong 2008). . 2 Market share analysis Under the stage of expansion, the market share analysis is necessary for Herborist to conduct which is recommended to be done quarterly in order to watch the market closely. 8. 3 Profitability by product To facilitate R&D programs of Herborist, the profitability by products analysis can be done yearly and used as reference to help Herborist decide its future investment on products’ modification and innovation which can bring better profit for the company. . 4 Efficiency on advert ising, sales promotion analysis To analyze the efficiency of advisements and sales promotion quarterly for Herborist quarterly is essential, which can make Herborist have a clearly picture of the effectiveness its promotion strategy and facilitate the modification and better orientation of the advertising and sales promotion campaign more effectively in the following quarter. 8. Sales-force efficiency The sales force efficiency should be measured both on the bases of the sale volume that they have brought to the company, and the potential capability of staffs in the sale force, which help Herborist best position its sale forces to win more income. 9. 0 Reference AMA Communication Services 2010, High-end cosmetics trends in China, greenbook. org, viewed 11 July 2010, Chinairn 2009, (Successful case study on domestic cosmetic industry), chinairn. om, viewed 12 July 2010, Elliott, G. , Rundle-Thiele, S & Waller, D. 2010, Marketing, John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd, Australia, Herboris t official website 2010, Company profile, herborist. com. cn, viewed 11 July 2010, Kotler, P. & Armstrong, G. 2008, Principles of marketing, 12th edn, Pearson Education International, New Jersey, Li & Fung 2009, Latest developments of China’s cosmetics market, Li & Fung Research Centre, viewed 11 July 2010, Palmer, A. 009, Introduction to marketing theory and practice, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, New York, Sephora official website 2010, Sephora stories, sephora. com, viewed 11 July 2010, Simon 2009, Herborist: A successful Chinese cosmetics brand, enovate 2010, viewed 13 July 2010, Solomon, J. 2009, Skincare companies dominating the cosmetic market in China, seekingalpha. com, viewed 14 July 2010, Ting, C. 2009, China’s homegrown makeup gains popularity, Beijing kswchina. om inc. , viewed 12 July 2010, Wharton n. d. , Special report: New challenge for made in China, electronic version, Boston Consulting Group, Whiteman, G. & Krug, B. 2008, Beauty and the beast: C onsumer stakeholders demand action in China, vol. 1, Journal of International Business Ethics, Xia XH. 2010, (Suggestions on strategic branding for Herborist), China's science and technology research center of citation index evaluation, viewed 14 July 2010,