Thursday, October 31, 2019

Leading by Example Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Leading by Example - Assignment Example Steve Jobs has not only made Apple to become a leading company in the technology industry but he was a good decision maker. His success and the success of his company have resulted from his ability to make accurate and precise logical decision. For example, his decision to make Apple a family brand has enabled the company to become a market leader in the high-tech industry. I have also admired the leadership style and strategies of Mike Duke the president of Wall-Mart. Although his organization has the highest number of employees, Mike Duke has enabled it to become a leading retail outlet in Europe and America (Kalb, 1993). Other than his leadership strategies, Mike is a motivational leader. He acknowledges that the success of his business lies in the company’s employees. Thus, he has great interests in employee satisfaction strategies. Mike Duke considers the company employees to be his first priority. This has not only enabled him to contribute to the success of the company but it has enabled him to contribute to skill development among his employees. Mike is among the business leaders who consider company employees as assets of the company (CBS,

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Buddhism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Buddhism - Research Paper Example For instance, where Christian worldview advocates that salvation and rebirth is possible through the divine nature of the individual as it was in the case of Jesus Himself, in Buddhism, believes argue that salvation and rebirth is a cycle of life which is judged by the Karma of the individual and is not restricted to the spiritual holiness of the soul. To be precise, in Buddhism, the deeds of the person during his life cycle, decides the form of his/her birth as a human or else. However, in Christianity, the philosophical claim propounds that the way to salvation is through Him. Again, principles in Buddhism showed the way to Nirvana and asked the followers to find their own path to attain a life after death. The Christian worldview thus believes that rebirth is possible by following the doctrines of Bible, and the human soul gets birth as only human; but, Buddhism states that rebirth means ‘life after death’, which depends on the Karma of the individuals, where the indi viduals can take birth as anything in accordance with their deeds (Zukeran, â€Å"Reincarnation and Christianity†). ... On the other hand, the new testimonial followers believed that rebirth is possible only when following the path of Jesus Christ. The concept of rebirth, as per the Christian worldview, thus happens through miracle, which was only possible by Jesus Christ as He was the ‘son of the God’. Reincarnation of soul from one body to another is only possible only when the individual have a strong believe on Christ’s principles and by such means get His blessings on the soul. The path to rebirth, according to Christianity, is determined through the life of the people as per the new vision on reincarnation. The philosophical claim of Christianity thus propounds that a strong belief of the individuals on the principles of Christ will help them in attaining rebirth. Hence, Christian worldview, the concept of rebirth revolves around the strength of the belief one has about the existence of God (Hodson 1-6). BUDDHISM PERSCEPTIVE ON REBIRTH The Buddhism perspective on rebirth demo nstrates change in continuity of life from one individual to other. According to the perspective of Buddhism, the karma of an individual helps to attain enlightenment which represents purity of life. In case, a person or an individual does not attain Nirvana, the death cycle continues and the soul gets rebirth in the form of â€Å"Asura,† â€Å"Hungry Ghost,† â€Å"Human life† and â€Å"Animals† (Buddha Dharma Education, â€Å"Fundamentals of Buddhism†). According to the teachings of Buddha, rebirth depends on Karma of the person that denotes his/her acts and deeds. Also, Buddhist believes that death is the end of physical body, but the spirit seeks out for new life and body. The rebirth of an individual is the cause and effect of his/her

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Special Effects In Horror Movies

Special Effects In Horror Movies From our earliest days, we use our vivid imaginations to see ghosts in shadowy shapes, to be emotionally connected to the unknown and to fear things that are improbable. Watching a horror film gives an opening into that scary world, into an outlet for the essence of fear itself, without actually being in danger. Weird as it sounds, theres a very real thrill and fun factor in being scared or watching disturbing, horrific images. Horror films, when done well and with less reliance on horrifying special effects, can be extremely potent film forms, tapping into our dream states and the horror of the irrational and unknown, and the horror within man himself. (The best horror films only imply or suggest the horror in subtle ways, rather than blatantly displaying it, i.e., Val Lawtons horror films.) In horror films, the irrational forces of chaos or horror invariably need to be defeated, and often these films end with a return to normalcy and victory over the monstrous. The dissertation is based on the Study of cinematography and special effects in a Horror movie. In the recent past camera, lighting and special effects are of greater importance and fame, so it will be worth exploring those topics. As far as the technical aspect is concerned a brief research of how these kind of films are being filmed from the shooting spot itself, will be very useful for an aspiring artist to get a better idea about its development. Horror films go back as far as the onset of films themselves, over 100 years ago. Introduction: The researcher was interested in watching horror films from his childhood and he was deeply interested in these genres. In his childhood the researcher was very much impressed with the serial mainly called Genmam-X and Marmadesam. The drama that he staged in his schooldays with horror and scary effects as the theme was applauded well by the audience. So he started his concept and in addition to that he added makeup also. The tremendous response from the viewers made him start learning the concepts and idea relating to this genre and finally concluded with this concept. It is difficult to show scary effects in screens. If the director gets his requirements from all the technicians the film will be successful, otherwise it will not. In order to get success the film must contain interesting characters and it also depends on their acting. And in terms of technical aspects the cinematography and special effects play a major role. In Indian cinemas, there is some response for these kinds of genre when compared to Hollywood. The main aim of the upcoming short film is that after seeing this, many people have to change their mind to see horror films also. So the main thing that the film should contain is better cinematography with matching special effects. Instead of concentrating on the story alone, cinematography and special effects should be given more importance. Research Questions: What are Special Effects? Colors and intensity of lights? Camera trick and technique in cinematography? Special Effects (Make up) for horror movies? How the horror movies getting winning changes? Aim: To give the thrill the viewer expects mainly the use of the camera, lightings and Special Effects, Were Script play the secondary role. Statement of the problem: The main purpose of adding the special effects is to frighten the viewer.When it goes beyond the limit it might not be watched by many people. In this situation it may go to another genre of hardcore horror. It may scare people but it will create some abnormal effects in the minds of some people. Objectives: How is cinematography in horror films different from other films? What are special Effects? How is Special Effects done in horror movies? A Study of the cinematography for horror movies. How is make up done for horror movies? Significance of the study: Horror movies are the best platform to find rich special effects and lighting and Much interesting camera handling which gives the viewers a different experience From other films. The study through this dissertation is to understand The cinematography in horror films and application of special effects in them. With the gathered knowledge a short film based on horror story will be filmed. LITERATURE REVIEW Movies Reference: The name of the movie is Psycho (1960) and the director is Alfred Hitchcock. The cinematography is done by John L.Russell. Psycho is one of the best Hollywood horror movies. I saw this movie some time back. I thought it was the best example for lighting. In the film I saw one shot where the psycho is going to kill the lady who is taking her bath .In that scene the lighting was done very well. The 1961 best cinematography, Black and White John L.Russell Oscar was nominated for this film. Reference: The name of the movie is The Thing (1982) directed by John Carpenter with Special Effects by Rob Bottin. The movie was taken in 1982. In that period they used special effects and visual Effects and make up. The make up is so realistic that it will attract the viewer Quickly. A human is transformed to a demon easily and the scene is Presented very effectively which will fascinate the people. Even the lighting Effects are very good. And I watched this movie online. The comment was that it Was too scary. This shows how they have applied VFX and SFX. And the Best special effect 1982 Rob Bottin Saturn award nominated for this Film. Reference: The name of the movie is Van Helsing and the director is Stephen Sommers.The cinematography is handled by Allen Daviau. The movie Van Helsing comes under the genre of horror and it came out in the year 2004. In this movie they followed a really nice cinematography. Actually this movie came out from the comic that Van Helsing is a ghost hunter who will be roaming around the earth in search of ghost, In this movie also he is coming to a village in search of the ghost. There are two interesting characters in this movie one is the Frankenstein and the other one is the wolf character which was in the custody of the villain. The extra ordinary thing about the movie is that the CG In early days, man used special effects and later it got developed into visual effects. In this movie there are many visual effects shots. A few examples include the climate sequence where the ordinary man transforms into a wolf that is a quality CG work in the industry. Further there are many VFX shots in the movie. Special effects include the blood bossing from the mouth and the usage of the miniature in the movies where Gabriel (hero) taking the Frankenstein away from the village. Most of the shots were shot inside the studio and they were composited later. Usage of expressive and breath taking matte paintings added to the quality of the movie. The cinematography of the movie plays a major role because of the proper establishment and composition. Reference: The name of the movie is Mirror-2 directed by Victor Garcia. Cinematography is done by Lorenzo Senatore. I recently watched this film. It is really a kind of hardcore killing movie where we can find the hero who is replacing the old security guard in the office. The main concept behind this movie is the revenge by the girl who is killed by the head officer. And he is killing the people through the medium mirror. The main success behind the movie is the lighting and cinematography. Reference: The name of the movie is Saw-4, directed by Darren Lynn Bousman and cinematography by David Armstrong, This movie is the successor of the three early parts. The success behind the movie is that the usage of the equipments and the method he used for killing others. In the first scene the villain killed the victim by tying the body to a steel bed and the axe was in a to and fro motion just above the stomach of the victim where it got peeled into many pieces. Website Reference: This Media Studies Factsheet was researched Written by Steph Hendry The horror films are not from this period. Those films were taken from the very early times where they only depend on the special effects and the camera tricks .At that time also some nice pictures came namely the Frankenstein a ghost which was made by a man by assembling many internal organs .This is the fact, that behind the creation of the ghost namely Frankenstein, is one type of ghost. There are many types of ghost that may include the external ghost which was having its own appearance and they will have some special characteristics. The Internal ghost is that it will enter ones body and it will do some thing inside the body of the character. This is the kind of ghost and others include the vampire. Mostly all the thriller movies have this type of ghost, there will be a character sucking blood from the humans and using them for their existence. They will be more like humans living with them but they will have some special characteristics In the earlier periods the ghost will be only living inside the cave and later the living area of the ghost also increased ,no matter where the ghost are living it may be at school, it may in our home or inside ones soul no matter where it will be. So we can go to the place as we wish when going for this kind of genre. And nowadays time is also not a matter for the ghost it may come at day time or it may come when we are sleeping and when we are in dream. The only fact is that vampire can roam around the world during day times. Reference: www.darkwebonile.com Horror movies have been around since silent movies. Obviously being scared is something the audience want. The horror movie received a huge revival in the late 70s early 80s (Omen and Nightmare on Elm Street) but died a sad death in the late 80s and throughout most of the 90s. However, with the advent of the horror smash parody Scream the genre is, once again, extremely popular. What was frightening back in the silent movie days and what is frightening now may well have changed. As society changes so do our fears. For example, when moving image was first invented footage of a moving train caused fear in the audience because people really believed that the train would come straight out of the screen. Reference: http://www.horrorfilmhistory.com/index.php?pageID=1980s Horror Film History A Decade By Decade Guide to the Horror Movie Genre 1980s Horror Films. Horror movies of the 1980s existed at the glorious watershed when special visual effects finally caught up with the gory imaginings of horror fans and movie makers. Technical advances in the field of animatronics, and liquid and foam latex meant that the human frame could be distorted to an entirely new dimension, onscreen, in realistic close up. This coincided with the materialistic ethos of the 1980s, when having it all was important, but to be seen to be having it all was paramount. People demanded tangible tokens of material success they wanted bigger, shinier, and faster, with more knobs on as verification of their own value in society. 1980s Horror Movies The Shining (1980) The Thing (1982) Videodrome (1983) Nightmare on Elm St (1984) Fright Night (1985) Re-Animator (1985) The Fly (1986) The Hitcher (1986) Near Dark (1987) Hellraiser (1987) The Evil Dead Childs Play (1988) . Reference: http://www.horror-movies.ca/horror_17523.html Horror Movies and Special Effects Posted By Poppa Scotch, Horror is a genre that puts everything on the line in regards to the physical boundaries of at least semi explainable human anatomy and any and all possible items that can be used to destroy it. There are decapitations, eviscerations, monsters, dead animals, rotting corpse and pretty much anything else that you can think of that have already made their way into horror cinema. The invention of the green screen and computer generated background really are only limited by the artists imaginations, which in turn is an amazing tool for filmmakers. They can turn skylines into post apocalyptic landscapes, they can transform a crappy warehouse into Times Square, and they can even add massive crowds of people to create a larger than life sporting event. My gripe comes from when the filmmakers (or special effects houses) get lazy. Its no secret that the appeal for a large number of horror fans is the gore killing, and the absolute carnage. Considering the main focus, the effects have to be believable to the viewer. Through our many years of growth and development of horror film viewing, special effects have come a long way as well as presenting us with a base of what we as viewers believe that gore should look like. Book

Friday, October 25, 2019

Dialogue - Diverted Attention :: Dialogue Conversation Essays

Dialogue - Diverted Attention "Her hands are like icicles on the horizon," he said and took a drag of coffee. She nodded blankly at him, barely registering the observations that swayed his tongue and flavored his mouth. "Do you see how she’s shaking?" he asked, not taking his eyes off the porcelain doll ordering dinner across the room. He fumbled down distractedly to the table, found his plate, and devoured a fry in the half-reflective way that dressed all his actions. To this, she murmured a vague, "mm hmm†¦.† It was enough of a reply to fill the empty space he controlled over the table, but still enough to be noncommittal and inattentive. She reached through the maze of their cups and plates to spear a french-fry on his plate. She shifted her weight. The chair rocked under her, threatening her already uncertain balance and attempted grace in one blow. She shifted the feet of the chair, hoping to find some sort of equilibrium, but again the seat rocked under her, still precarious. "Look at the angles to her face," he went on, working his words around mouthfuls. His eyes never wavered in their stiff critical stare of wonderment and interest. "There’s just something about her that screams vulnerability." "Hmm." She swallowed the hot, gritty remains of her tea. Her cup clunked as it hit the table, jolting the settled objects, but his attention never strayed from the Raphael-wonder. She picked up her croissant, then lowered it back to her plate seeing the tanned lines of her knuckles holding her fingers in place. She turned her palm up and followed the trained lines that traced her destiny. "You really have to wonder about people like that," he continued in the silence. "How they think, how they feel, how they see the world. Don’t you ever just wish you could go up and introduce yourself to a stranger and learn their entire life’s story?" She repossessed her croissant and took a voice-saving mouthful, nodding her head disjointedly in case he possessed the consciousness to glance at her tongue-trapped tangle on the other side of the table. She sneakily slid her feet out of her shoes and flexed her toes in their freedom under the tablecloth tiered table. The ache retched in her bones and her thoughts drowned in the haze of mid-stride wonderment, but not before the emptiness and pain of dismissal.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Intelligence vs. Brain Size

Intelligence vs. Brain size Project 2: Data Collection College Algebra 161 November 15, 2012 Intelligence vs. Brain size The Data Collection project was designed to teach students how to collect, and organize, describe and document data using Excel lists and graphs. I chose this particular subject to research to further my understanding of the evolution of human species. â€Å"Can intelligence and brain size be directly related, and as intelligence increases, what happens to the size of our brains? I conducted my research through the internet by searching for previous, creditable research by someone trained the in the field of Anthropology. The website that I found to have to most useful information needed to conduct an extensive research with adequate background history in the subject was Creation Studies. org. The website contained an article written by the institute’s chief technical advisor, Steven Rowitt, Th. M. , Ph. D. After reviewing the information contained in the a rticle, I was able to formulate a hypothesis.My hypothesis is that as humans evolve, and intelligence increases, so does the size of the brain. The tools used in this project were the website from which I obtained the information and Microsoft excel which I used to document and chart the data. Using that data I was able to formulate a graph, and a mathematical model that could test and support my hypothesis. The graph shows you the trend of growth in brain size, per ____(one thousand years.However you decide to chart it)———- The mathematical model formulated from the graphed data, will allow future testing to see if the trend still continues, or if the size of a human brain reaches a maximum or minimum. The goal was to chart previous data collected by experts to support my hypothesis as well as predict and test the size of human brains in the future if the trend continued and develop a linear equation to represent the findings. I began by collecting 12 points of data of the average size of human brains at a specific time (years) in history.I recorded the average size of the brain in the year that correlated it. After collecting the data, I plotted the data in Excel and used a best line fit to give me a linear equation/linear regression model to represent my data. See table below: We entered the data is as follows: The independent variable was the number of rubber bands which represented the x axis. The dependent variable was how far the egg fell, which represented the y axis. We chose a domain of 0 to 25 because the number of rubber bands we used ranged from 0 bands to 15 bands.By choosing a domain or an x-axis of this amount, it gives you a graph that allows you to see the line past 15 rubber bands. We went with a range for of 0 to 90 inches because according to our data, the maximum number of inches that the egg dropped was 67 inches so in order to get a better picture of the data we extended the y-axis to 90 inches. The linear regressio n model that fitted our data was D(r) = 3. 948r + 5. 758, with the y-intercept being (0, 5. 758) and m= 3. 948 inches.Interpretation for the data in the context of the study based on our linear regression model, is at zero rubber bands, the egg would fall 5. 758 inches, and with each added rubber band the egg would fall an additional 3. 948 inches. To test this linear regression equation we were given a length of 67 inches. To mathematically solve for 67 inches to predict the number of rubber bands needed, we solved for (r) as follows: D(r) = 3. 948r + 5. 758 67(r) = 3. 948r + 5. 758 r = 15. 5 What we concluded from our mathematical prediction was that it would take 15. rubber bands to have a successful fall of 67 inches. Because it was not realistic to use 15. 5 rubber bands, we went with 15 instead. This was a realistic prediction because the length that the egg fell was 66 inches, without imposing any damage to the egg and leaving us 1 inch from the original test value of 67 inch es. Had we used 16 rubber bands instead, based on our linear regression model which states that for every rubber band added the egg would fall an additional 3. 948 inches it would have left our fall around 69. 48 inches and as a result leaving us more than 2 inches from the original test value of 67 inches. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Reasons for error in the project could be based on several components. The elasticity of the rubber bands varies from band to band which would cause a difference in the length of the fall and a change not res ulting in a slope of 3. 948 inches. During the earlier part of the project, for an unknown reason, but not as a result of the test, the egg cracked, resulting in a possible change in the distribution of the weight of the egg and affecting the resulting length of the fall.And further more if our linear regression equation was tested in the future, the results may not be the same if another egg was used due to the mass of every egg varying. In summary, after testing several jumps involving a different number of rubber bands each time and recording the corresponding length of how far the egg fell we had enough data to plot a scatter graph and formulate a linear regression equation that we could test any hypothesis without having to repeat the project itself.Discoveries made during the project was the close comparison in the tested data and the mathematical equation formulated by using excel or a scientific calculator. For an example when we tested 1 rubber band, the egg fell 10. 5 inch es. Using the equation to solve for the answer: D(r) = 3. 948(r) + 5. 758 D(r) = 3. 948(1) + 5. 758 D(r) = 9. 706 inches The experiment itself and the equation formulated from it, although not precise, it is an accurate representation of real outcomes of the amount of stretch in the rubber bands as shown in the comparison model above.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Age of Computer Essay

Eras in the history of art and architecture may be distinguished by styles such as Renaissance, Gothic, Impressionist or Surrealist, and so on. Techniques too have marked different eras over the centuries: from the primitive tools of the Stone Age, to the Industrial Age marked by steam and electrical power and the discovery of turbines, and engines. Today, we have entered a new era: the computer age – an age which owes everything to inventors. Charles Babbage, an English mathematician, is considered to be the great-grandfather of the computer. Over 150 years ago, in 1840 to be exact, he invented a sophisticated calculating machine, and called it the â€Å"Analytical Engine.† As with many inventions, his creation was far in advance of its time. It took another 100 years before the first computers were built, and as you know, they were huge and incredibly heavy. Take, for instance, the famous Mark I. It was the world’s first electro-mechanical computer and was used during World War 2 by the U.S. Navy. In comparison to 20th-century systems,  it could be likened to a battleship: 2.6 meters high, 16 meters wide, 2 meters deep, and weighing a massive 5 tons! The machine – the hardware – could not develop without the software to match, of course. In this respect, two women mathematicians played key roles. Ada Lovelace Byron, daughter of the poet Lord Byron, wrote in 1843 what today we’d call programs for Charles Babbage’s â€Å"Analytical Engine.† She was a pioneer and is considered to be the very first programmer in history. That’s why 130 years later, the U.S. Department of Defence gave her forename – Ada – A-D-A – to one of the most important computer programs in the world. It is used not only by the U.S. Army, Navy and Air Force but also by big industry, universities, and other centers of research. Grace Hopper, an American woman, invented in 1952 the very first compiler of all times, a program which translates a programming language so that it can be understood by computers. It was a sensational breakthrough which opened doors to automatic programming and thus directly to contemporary personal computers (PCs). Today, computers are at the center of thousands upon thousands of other inventions. They are the heartbeats of the modern world. Computers are every-where – from kitchens to concrete mixers, from planes to pockets. They listen. They speak. They act. Never in world history has one invention had such an influence on humanity as a whole. Without the computer age, there would be no global awareness. Internet, in particular, has created a brand new environment. A new culture has been born – free, rapid, and universal – where people share their knowledge and expertise. Information and communication techniques have been turned upside down, distance has been eliminated, frontiers abolished. A tremendous interactive potential is burgeoning on our planet Earth today. Like it or lump it – none can stop it! I would like to mention something concerning Internet. The inventors in 1990  of the World Wide Web (WWW), which revolutionized the contemporary computer world, did not become millionaires. British Tim Berners-Lee and Belgian Robert Caillau, both researchers at European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, did not make any money through their invention of the WWW. They refused to patent it. They feared that in so doing, the use of the Web would prove prohibitively expensive preventing its use worldwide. Thus, they passed up a fortune so that our world can learn and communicate today, and we should be grateful to them for their foresight. The invention of the computer with its multitude of programs and new information technologies is transforming the traditional perception of an inventor. A more positive image is emerging. No longer personified by an eccentric crackpot, a crackpot male genius working alone in attic, garage or basement, today’s inventors resemble more and more millions of other scientists, industrial researchers and entrepreneurs in workshops or laboratories surrounded by a computer station. All use the â€Å"mouse† instead of a pencil, and their drawing boards are computer screens. Women inventors have also contributed to this change in the traditional image of the inventor, particularly in certain fields such as chemistry, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, not to speak of computer software. In the USA, for instance, the number of women inventors with patents in the field of chemistry increased three-and-half times during the period from 1977 (2.8%) to 1988 (9.9%). It would be interesting indeed to see what further increases have taken place over the past 10 years. Another popular fallacy is not only that the large majority of inventors are eccentric and male, but they are also perceived as being raZther ancient! The truth is that, thanks to the computer, people are actually inventing more and more at an increasingly youthful age. In Silicon Valley, a 30-year old inventor is considered already long in the tooth, and many newcomers to the inventive world are in their 20s. Some predict that in a few years time,  there’ll be a new generation of 14-year-old millionaire inventors appearing in Silicon Valley! Unfortunately, this new generation of inventors – women and very young people – is insufficiently present among representatives of most inventor associations worldwide. These are still run by people who, although totally dedicated to their work, were neither born nor grew up in the computer age. Therefore they find adaptation difficult. Information technology frequently passes them by. This is often a cause of very real problems. lighbulbInternet.jpg (1394 bytes) Let’s now consider some of the ways inventors can make use of the new technologies of the computer age. We all know that inventors need a lot of information. Technological information contained in patent documents is essential at the very earliest stages of invention. It can avoid duplication in research work. It can provide ideas for further development of existing technology. It can also give a glimpse of the technological activities of competitors. That is why Patent Offices have put their patent documentation databases on the Internet. Access is not only fast, but easily accessible, and available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. It’s also free in the sense that it doesn’t cost the inventor a single cent to consult such documentation! Time-consuming travel to Patent Offices or libraries storing patent documents is a thing of the past. The inventor also has access to much more data than through a single database. Obviously, the ideal is one huge library, containing millions of patent documents from all over the world. The European Patent Office (EPO) has tried to create this world library of patent documents. I am glad to inform you that IFIA Web site allows surfers to visit this EPO site, and through it, to jump to the major providers of patent information in the world, whether they be Patent Offices or private  enterprises, such as IBM. A further advantage is the constant updating of all these databases by each of the providers. In brief, it’s sufficient to click on one address, the EPO address, to access millions of documents: . lighbulbInternet.jpg (1394 bytes) For many inventors, the marketing stage often starts with a prototype to prove that the product works satisfactorily, and what’s more, works safely. The greater a model’s perfection, the greater the chances of selling a license to a manufacturer. But a professional prototype, as close to the final product as possible, can rapidly become extremely expensive. One fantastic and inexpensive alternative to a physical prototype is a computerized model. Basically, it amounts to modelling the invention from all angles on a computer, with self-running commentary, demonstrations and animation of all the invention’s functions. The diskette or ZIP disk can be duplicated in as many copies as necessary, and sent via regular mail. The computerized prototype can also be loaded onto a video tape and copies made. Busy executives – prospective investors, licensees or buyers – seem, however, to prefer a diskette which is easy to put into the computer, in addition to the fact that most offices do not have a TV and VCR. The video tape would seem more appropriate when presenting an invention at an exhibition or fair. On the subject of invention shows, let me stress in passing that virtual exhibitions exist already. One of IFIA’s members, the Hungarian Association of Inventors, even launched an international competition of inventions last March with a virtual jury, each member sitting serenely in front of his/her computer screen, somewhere around the world. lighbulbInternet.jpg (1394 bytes) With the computer age upon us, we are also moving slowly but surely away from the traditional paper system of filing patent applications to the new  electronic filing system – a rapid and cheap transmission system of text and image data. Patent Offices are now engaged in preparing the necessary tools to assist inventors and other applicants in this form of electronic commerce. Naturally, their Web sites will have to provide links to reference material, technical guidelines and instructions on filing applications. The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in Geneva, provides inventors and industry with an advantageous route for obtaining patent protection worldwide. Starting from January 1, 1999, the PCT is offering a reduction of US$ 200 (two hundred) for every electronic filing. That’s quite an encouragement to use this system! However, no system is perfect. It still remains a fact that Patent Offices are faced with serious technical issues related to information security. Namely: How to ensure the security and authenticity of the transmission and exchange of unpublished – therefore confidential – data? The next question to arise is: Who will be responsible in case of third-party intrusions? The Patent Office? – or the applicant? Because of the international nature of the patent system, it has been decided recently that all information security issues will be examined in the framework of WIPO. To better understand some of the many issues involved, I would like to give two examples as described in a WIPO document discussed a few days ago in Geneva: † †¦ any exchange between applicants and examiners requires excellent levels of security and data privacy. Furthermore, many of these activities require some assurance of the identity of one party or another. For example, if an applicant is exchanging information with an examiner, the examiner needs to know that the individual is indeed authorized to provide  information, (e.g. proof of identity), and the applicant needs to be confident that he or she is indeed in contact with a patent examiner and not a clever hacker. [†¦]† â€Å"The exchange of priority documents provides another interesting example. If a priority document is to be exchanged in electronic form, it needs to be validated by the originating party. In other words, the document needs to be signed to demonstrate its authenticity, it needs to have a guaranteed time stamp associated with the transaction, preferably by a third party (to prevent presumed or actual forgery of dates and times), and it needs to have some guarantee of accuracy, so that a party obtaining the document can tell if tampering occurred†¦Ã¢â‚¬  lighbulbInternet.jpg (1394 bytes) Every now and then we hear some people say, â€Å"There’s hardly anything left to invent. Everything has been invented already!†. What a silly remark! You can be certain that inventors will continue inventing, and new discoveries will be made, right up to the very last minute before the world comes to an end! But to return to today, with the computer age, the possibilities of invention are endless and in all possible fields. It has also been said that the computer will eventually invent the inventor. By that I mean that one day, the computer will replace the inventor. Up to a point, I must agree – but only to a certain extent. You can feed the computer with billions of data. One has even beaten a world chess champion. Nevertheless, the computer has no humanity, no imagination, no sensitivity or affectivity, and no inherent wisdom. Can it smell the perfume of a rose? †¦interpret the color of a sunrise? Can it caress the cheek of a child? †¦or savor the taste of Hong Kong’s dim sum?! Above all it’s a machine – a fantastic machine – but remember, it’s only a machine. So let’s not make a new god out of the computer, as some tend to do. But rather use its possibilities to a maximum †¦ and through it, try quite simply to build a better world. That should be our motto.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Budgets Management Reference to the Budget of Aardvark Company

Budgets Management Reference to the Budget of Aardvark Company Introduction The management of any organization is charged with the responsibilities of steering the company or organization for continuing growth prospects. Most of the management activities involve the functions of planning, organizing, controlling, staffing and directing among others. Budgeting forms a way of controlling the organization’s operational activities as well as the resource allocation through forecasting.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Budgets Management Reference to the Budget of Aardvark Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ideally, the environment conditions determine the budgeting process. Although budgeting is considered a very key function of management for effective control of performance, some opinions are also raised that budgeting focuses more on the past performance basing budgets on comparisons between the actual and budgeted amounts, which does not conclusively consider the dy namism of the business environment. It is worth appreciating the changes that are diverse in the environment today due to factors of globalization, changes in consumer behaviour and technology among others. Budgeting is worth evaluating in the concept of a changing environment and forms the core part of the organization driving performance and controlling of resources through strategies and the setting of targets. This report presents an analysis of the budget of Aardvark Company. It presents the standards used, ways in which it can be used for staff motivation for the improvement of performance, its strengths as well as the techniques for producing such forecasting. It also considers the behavioural issues of the budget and offers suggestions on how the negative effects can be averted. The Role of Management in Budgeting Management determines largely the performance and growth of an organization. The role of management in budgeting is very crucial due to their disposition in making decisions for the organization. Decision making thus influences the growth of their organization. Managers as leaders have to forge the budgeting process to enable them make crucial decisions that affect the entire organization and would affect the areas of planning, staffing, motivation of staff, performance measurement, and their role of leading and directing (Juchau et al., 2004). Budgeting is an expensive process that involves the various stakeholders for it to be objective and informed. Management thus has the responsibility of financing the budgeting process.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Drucker (2001) asserts of the changing environment of the business and as such suggests that managers have the role of considering the changes in the environment such as the technology, consumer behaviours and globalization. He suggests that managers thus have the role o f ensuring the budget is flexible enough to deal with such changes and that more emphasis is given to competitiveness. The other roles of management in the budgeting process include creating a performance climate, devolving performance responsibility for decision making to operational management, motivation of staff, customers and other stakeholders, supporting transparency in the organization, empowering operation managers, organizing for customer orientation, setting goals through benchmarking, forging for streamlining of the coordination of resource allocation and encouraging the need for innovation (Drucker, 2001). Analysis of Aardvark Company Budget This report analysis covers the format used, standards used, desirable characteristics or strengths of the budget and the behavioural issues addressed. It also offers recommendations of suggestions of how the standards of budgeting can be used in staff motivation for improvements in performance as well as the techniques for the prod uction of forecast estimates and how they can used as standards in budgeting. In addition, the report considers the behavioural issues that arise from the budgeting process and the ways of averting the negative ones. Analysis of Budget Format The budget for the company is a cash budget with monthly actual and budgeted amounts of a cash flow format. The purpose of this cash flow format is to enable the company maintain the cash level requirements. This format takes into consideration the cash changes in the actual sales in cash, accounts receivable, bank income, other incomes, sale of capital investment, payments of income taxes, accounts payable, purchase of merchandise, dividends payable, and other capital expenditure (Cunningham, Nikolai Bazley, 2004). It is a flexible budget to take into consideration the monthly changes in the expected receipts and payments to ensure the monthly surpluses and deficits are provided for. This is the reason for the differences in the actual and bu dgeted amounts from one month to another. The flexibility is to create precaution measures to meet the necessary expenditure such as income taxes and the issue of dividends.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Budgets Management Reference to the Budget of Aardvark Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The budget considers actual cash flow incomes since they represent the actual expected incomes for each month to enable the monitoring of such as debtors and capital investments. This budget is also of a capital nature with the inclusion of capital expenditures. This is to ensure the close monitoring of the investment to determine their benefit to the company and since they are involved in the creation of income. The other purpose for having the flexible nature of the budget is to incorporate the changes in the business environment such as technology, consumer behaviour to ensure the monitoring of the same. This is als o likely to increase innovation on a monthly basis. Additionally, the inclusion of accounts receivable is to provide the opportunities for understanding the behaviours of the customers. This will require the levels of debtors are regulated and it is much more effective to monitor the needs and requirements of the customers. The budget is participative since it includes the expenses as well as the incomes from the whole organizations and provides opportunities for growth (Weygandt, Kimmel Kieso, 2008). Standards of Setting the Budget The prudent consideration for a flexible budget is that it should have the budget reasonably fluctuating from the normal operational levels (Hart, Wilson Keers, 2000). The cash budget requires that the budgeted income is lower the actual income received while the budgeted expenses and payments need to be higher than the actual levels (Anandarajah, Aseervatham Reid, 2005). This is to cater for the surpluses and deficits in the changes in levels. This b udget has a good standard of monthly budgeting so as to cater for the changes expected through out the months. However, from the actual operational levels, the monthly budgets are too tight due to the closeness of the monthly budgets to the normal levels of operations. This for example has some months that are just budgeted as equal to the normal operations and some where the budgeted income is higher than the normal operations while in some the expenses budgeted for are lower than the normal operations. For example, the August month budget has higher cash sales expectations and accounts receivable while the month of June budget has a much lower level of expenses as compared to the normal operational levels. The advantage of this however, is that it does not allow for manipulation of records and costs by management (Steele Albright, 2004).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The setting of the standards has to be a joint cooperation between the management. However, this is normally done by a budget committee that includes the heads of departments together with an executive manager (Anandarajah, Aseervatham Reid, 2005). It is also necessary for the participation of the operational managers and supervisors to be included since they are the actual implementers of the budget. The standards of January used for the setting of the budget are not satisfactory to the extent that they are too tight that they do not provide for opportunities of fluctuations in surpluses and deficits (Weygandt, Kimmel Kieso, 2008). Budgeting as a way of Motivating Staff The process of budgeting is effective in staff motivation though it is faced with conflicts and opposition. This is because it is perceived to minimize the payments to the staff while some targets set are perceived unattainable especially if minimal communication is done. The standards to use for the motivation of staff in budgeting are to ensure the process is as participative as much as possible so as to ensure that the targets are realistic, attainable and with rewards (Parker, Ferris Oatley, 1989). This means that the staffs have to be involved in the budgeting process in some way while ensuring that it is not imposed on them. The budget becomes participative through being comprehensive and clear to the staff in terms of obligations, responsibilities and clarification of expectations through clear communication (Drucker, 2001). The goal of the process has to be in accordance to the mission of the organization while the individual goals have to be incorporated in the goals of the organization (Etherington Tjlsvold, 1998). It is important for the budget to incorporate the feedback standard where there is the possibility of having staff receive feedback of their performance with comparisons on the budget to ensure improvement. Rewards and other incentives are necessary for staff motivatio n especially where the budget presents added responsibilities to them. This is necessary as a motivation for the extra sacrifice especially through working of extra hours and minimized leaves. Further, the budget process has to allow for changes to ensure that the staff are flexible thus motivating them. The staff can be motivated through added challenges that come with new training with the improvement of the working environment. Challenging the workers can be done through appreciating and giving them opportunities for learning and improvement of their work (Hart, Wilson Keers, 2000). Techniques for Forecasting Estimates as Standards for Budget Setting The four main techniques used for forecasting estimates include: appropriation, flexibility of fixed and variable costs, capital budgeting and master budgeting (Anandarajah, Aseervatham Reid, 2005). Appropriation involves setting of maximum expected levels of certain expenditures which is based on the judgement decision of manageme nt. This includes expenses such as advertising and development in research. Flexibility approach includes the fixed costs and the varying costs subject to the changing circumstances that either increase or decrease the value. Capital budgeting on the other hand involves investments of capital nature that takes into consideration the discounted cash flow method. Master budgeting as a technique of forecasting includes all the revenues and expenditures of the organization. The techniques are used individually or as a whole depending on the type of budget. Desirable Characteristics of the Aardvark Company Budget The most desirable characteristic of the budget is the flexibility as it considers the changes in the month. Flexibility is revealed through the use of the cash flow format and the specification of the budget for each month in the trading period. The timeliness allows for flexibility as it takes into consideration the monthly changes that may affect the receipts and payments. Fu rther, it offers accuracy in the months through comparability with the actual results which is a way of creating the variances for adequate changes to be made in the future that go beyond the budgeting process (Neely, Bourne Adams, 2003). The budget is complete in that it includes the capital investments which show how feasible the management plans are in cash terms through the sales and purchases of investments and also illustrations of the financial impact of the policies of management such as the changes in credit policy revealed through the changes in the debtors. Ideally, the budget is complete since it also includes the actual receipts and payments while including the incomes and expenses expected from the whole organization (Cunningham, Nikolai Bazley, 2004). It also provides for the necessary expenditure associated with the business such as taxes and other investment expenses. Since the budget is of the cash format, it is relevant to Aardvark Company due to the nature of b usiness it is involved in (Drucker, 2001). This is through the inclusion of cash sales and making provisions for the accounts receivable and payable for monitoring. It is also relevant since it creates an opportunity for the organization to be able to pay out the dividends to the shareholders thus improving the shareholders value. The relevance of the budget is that it includes all the organization so that the application is participative for all the staff. The Aardvark cash budget has a characteristic of accuracy. This is due to the inclusion of the actual and budgeted amounts for each month which are closely related to the normal levels of operations. The accuracy of the same is seen through the inclusion of the capital investments whose sale or purchase represent an actual cash flow that affects the organization. Additionally, the accuracy is portrayed in the flexibility of the budget amounts from one month to another symbolising the inclusion of the changes in the environment. T his presents the fact that the budget considers such changes and is a likelihood of improving the competitive advantage of the company (Drucker, 2001).The budget also displays consistency in the budget allocations for the months. This consistency includes the factor that the goals of the company are considered. Behavioural Issues Associated with the Budget Plan The behavioural issues identified in this budget are the motivation through the participation and inclusion of the whole organization, participation of staff, rewards, conflicts, responsibility and waste as well as the differences in goals (Etherington Tjlsvold, 1998). Motivation is evidenced in the setting of targets especially the sales while the expenses and incomes are included in the organization budget. The participation of the budget is evident through the expenses and incomes that are basically representative of the whole organization. However, the level of participation of the department and staff in the setting of the targets is not stipulated. This is an issue that can lead to opposition and de-motivation of the staff through the increased control. Another issue is conflicts. These are likely from the lack of clear division of the departments, lack of clarity of the responsibilities, conflicts in the individual and company goals, disputes over the allocation of resources and the blame games incase of lack of attainment of the targets set (Etherington Tjlsvold, 1998). Waste is another issue that is likely to be experienced in this budget. This is because of the perception that the allocated amounts have to be spent. Additionally, the departments are likely to lead to waste especially due to the differences in the allocation of resources. The issue of conflicts as expected from the budget are mainly over allocation of resources, blames games, and goals differences among others. These can be avoided through clear communication of the responsibilities expected from the budget, increasing the pa rticipation of the staff in the budget process to make the targets set realistic and attainable and also ensuring objectivity and fairness in the allocation of resources (Etherington Tjlsvold, 1998). Further, there is also the need for interdependence of goals and the inclusion of individual goals to the company goals. Additionally, the conflicts can be dealt with by offering rewards and incentives for the motivation of the staff. Waste being a negative issue arises mainly from the perception that the allocated resources have all to be used and the overestimation of costs by managers (Steele Albright, 2004). This can be handled by ensuring correct, completeness and accuracy in record keeping, shifting of staff and managers as well as objective and independent auditing. Conclusion This report has provided an analysis of the budget of the Aardvark Company. The analysis has covered the format used, standards used, desirable characteristics or strengths of the budget and the behaviour al issues addressed. The report has also provided recommendations of suggestions of how the standards of budgeting can be used in staff motivation for improvements in performance as well as the techniques for the production of forecast estimates and how they can used as standards in budgeting. In addition, the report has considered the behavioural issues that arise from the budgeting process and the ways of averting the negative ones. Reference List Anandarajah, A. Aseervatham, A. Reid, H., 2005. Prepare and Manage Budgets and Financial Plans. French’s Forest: Pearson Education. Cunningham, B. Nikolai, A. Bazley, D., 2004. Introduction to Business and Accounting. Accounting: Information for Business Decisions. Mason OH: South Western. Drucker, P., 2001. Be data literate: know what to know. In Young, S. (2001). Readings in management Accounting. Englewood cliffs: Prentice Hall Publishers, pp 2- 3. Etherington, L. Tjlsvold, D., 1998. Managing Budget Conflicts: Contribution o f Goal Interdependence and Interaction. Revue Canadienne Des Science de l’ Administration, 15 (2), pp. 142-151. Hart, J., Wilson, C. Keers, B., 2000. Budgeting Principles. 2nd edition. French’s Forest: Pearson Education. Juchau, R. et al., 2004. The Role of Budgets in Decision Making. Accounting: Information for Decisions. Melbourne: Thomson Publishers. Neely, A. Bourne, N. Adams, C., 2003. Better Budgeting or Beyond Budgeting. Measuring Business Excellence, 7 (3), pp. 22-28. Parker, D. Ferris, R. Oatley, T., 1989. The Impact of Accounting Information on Managerial Behaviour and Performance: Accounting for the Human Factor. Sydney: Prentice Hall. Steele, R. Albright, C., 2004. Games Managers Play at Budget time. MIT Sloan Management Review, 1, pp. 61-64. Weygandt, J. Kimmel, D. Kieso, E., 2008. Budgetary Control and Responsibility Accounting; Tools for Business Decision Making. New York: John Wiley Publications.

Monday, October 21, 2019

WEB AUDIT of FRESHLINE ORGANICS

WEB AUDIT of FRESHLINE ORGANICS Free Online Research Papers The purpose of this report is to present the finding of the web audit for the company named above. The company is owned by certified grower Werner Frtsch while the online website is the partnership venture equally owned by Werner Frtsch and his wife Lily that distributes Freshline’s groceries. Organisational Objective The organisational objectives of Freshline Organics Pty Ltd are as follow:- Promoting Sale of Organic Groceries and Products Online. Similar to Freshline’s differentiated high quality focus strategy for its’ physical stores, its online activities aim to extend this strategy to the internet. Freshline.com.au has taken over the main purpose of the online activities, namely the sale of organic groceries over the internet and their delivery. To supplement the online sales, it also sells other organic dry products (i.e. nuts, grains and dried fruits) as well as environmentally-friendly products (i.e. skin care, hair care, bath/shower, baby care and household cleaning). On time Deliveries of Fresh Groceries to Customer at an affordable price. Freshline differentiates its service with high freshness, accuracy and punctuality enabled by delivery teams of efficient van drivers. Promoting Health Eating Lifestyle by consuming organic harvested food. Much of the organic produce comes directly from organic farms certified by Australian Certified Organic (ACO) in the Serpentine district south-east of Perth. The remainder of the produce is purchased from organic and conventional wholesalers. For instance, the biodynamic meats which sell to customers are supplied by Boatshed Quality Meats. Positioning of the digital strategy and web site image. The messages promoted from Freshlines’ traditional and online media are complementing each other. Just like its’ physical shops, their online offer uses a differentiation strategy targeting the upmarket. The services is designed to target affluent, busy people who have no time to shop, possible not living close to Freshline shops, but still prefer Freshline over other grocery shops or supermarkets. Using the table below, Freshline online does try to attract the same kind of customers that also visit the store, but also tries to snap up customers that are not satisfied with the services offered by other online groceries shops. Source: Mohammed, Rafi A. Fisher, Robert J. Jaworski, Bernard J., Paddison, Gordon J. 2003. Internet Marketing, International Edition. New York, McGraw-Hill. Being located in western suburb of Perth, where Freshline has its strongest presence, allows a strong brand leverage of the existing Freshline brand. Added to Freshline’s high quality products, their online business can differentiate itself from online competitors with the service that focus on supplies of high freshness organic groceries to customers on time at affordable costs. Competitive Analysis 1) Orgainic Collective (organiccollective.com.au) The Organic Collective is a small West Australian owned business offering a reliable online service of delivering mixed seasonal certified organic groceries to customers in the Fremantle and Perth Metro area. Organic Collective centres on delivering right to your door and letting consumer decide the delivery arrangements. If customer was not at home to receive delivery, arrangement can be made with delivery man like placing of the delivery in a sheltered position on the front veranda or a pre-determined location, etc The vibrant site breaks down the products into 6 different categories(organic fruits vegetable mix box, organics groceries, environment cleaning products, personal care products, organic supplements and other organic products to choose from and, when clicking the link, gives you the different products under categories. The site offers PayPal system for customers to make payment online. 2) Mimsbrook Farm Biodynamic Food Stores (biodynamic-food.com/index.html) Mimsbrook Biodynamic/Organic Food Store provides a convenient farm location for the residents of Perth to purchase quality biodynamic/organic groceries, milk, dry goods and meat that are grown and farmed without using synthetic fertilisers or pesticides. It is a family business operated by Ms Carmel Bainbridge and her son Steven Bradtke, both of whom have been committed to certified biodynamic agriculture in Western Australia since Year 1995. Not only Mimsbrook website look very impressive, it also does has something that other online organic shops do not, that is â€Å"Holiday† other that organic groceries and products. Clicking on an icon †Holiday† on the left column of homepage links you to another webpage which offers a holiday accommodation at Mimsbrook farm Guesthouse near Perth, Western Australia. This webpage displays various prices for suites/studios at this fantastic farm Guesthouse. If customers wish to book an accommodation, all you have to is to click at this host name icon â€Å"Carmel Bainbridge† for website to generate an email to send it to the host. Once the receiving email with necessary information is verified and confirmed with customers, the host will prepare accommodation for them. 3) Organic N Green Shop (organicngreen.com.au) Organic N Green Shop is a â€Å"one stop† online shop comprising an organic shop and cafe in Wanneroo, Western Australia, Its’ services include the selling of full range of organic fruits, vegetables, meats, dairy, groceries, cakes, personal care, baby care, laundry items, etc and home delivery of its products. The Organic green.com has a clean layout homepage with clear statement about what the company does. The company logo is prominently on top left hand corner of homepage and in proximity to a list of function keys, services and products offered within the site. The search key is also unique in the fact that the user can start shopping right away if they know the products they want by searching for keywords that brings up all products with that name, allowing for easy shopping. In addition, Organic Green shop offers cash discount for first time customers who surf the website; print homepage and show it entitles a 15% discount for the organic groceries purchases for the first time. Alternately, the customers can use to waive delivery charge for their first home delivery order. Content and maximisation of digital and Internet features An audit analysis includes a comprehensive evaluation of the following areas was carried out:- 1. Homepage Assessment The homepage of the freshline.com is quite neat and it provides online visitors with key information about the business as well as the products and services the business. The company logo† is prominently positioned on top centre of homepage and in close proximity to clickable menu which is easily accessible. 2. Framework and Navigation Overall, the framework and navigation of the Freshline.com is intuitive and easy to navigate. The navigation placed on the left column of the page is a consistent feature throughout the website. Navigation links for each page are also positioned prominently and easily located. The Navigation links do have expended information to further describe the content of the destination. The web pages contain anchor links to facilitate fast browsing. Standardize placement of navigation, header and footer helps to orient the online users at all times. 3. Layout Design / Use of Graph Page layout and design of Freshline.com looks simple and easy to understand. The recurring text, modules and graphics are consistent throughout the pages on the website. The fonts used on the website are of good sizes which the content easy to read. Freshline.com.au uses some of picture jpg and icons to enhance its’ webpage but it did not fully utilize graphics or picture to promote the online products 4. Site Content The site contents in Freshline.com are clear and concise enough regardless of the user’s field of expertise. The mention of the company history is brief and to the point. The website which strongly promoting health eating lifestyle further elaborate the meanings of some organic terms used (i.e. organic food, farming, biodynamic food, Australia certified organic, etc). This clarity of the site content as well as its’ organization has played a major role in keeping and converting the visitors into customers. 5. Feedback and Contacts Freshline.com encourages both current and prospective customers contact them with feedback and suggestion by using interactive form provided within the website. 6. Privacy policy Lack of privacy policy as online customers are increasingly concerned about their privacy with regards to online shopping and repayment of goods. 7. Interactive Elements (Forms) Freshline.com uses this feature to enhance some sections of the website:- o Contact and feedback from which allows user to input feedback and suggestion. o Ordering of organic product using online Shopping Cart. o Payment of online goods via the secure credit payment page. All form labels are alighted with their controls and positioned intuitively for the user. 8. Search Engine optimization (SEO) SEO refers to key components programmed into a web page which search engines will index, store and reference when queries into those topics. Based on my finding, though each contains title tags that summarise the content of the page. But the description tags are not utilized within each page which prevent the appropriate information from being displayed in a search engine listing as well as reduces search engine visibility of the page. 9. Search Engine Visibility Many web users start their search for product and company information through the use of a general search or directories. To determine how easy it is find this freshline.com.au from web, I have conducted search exercise on Australian Top five search engines using the company name and keyword/key phases. The results are summarized below. Keyword Position for Freshline.com.au on Australian Search Engines Directories as of 10 Sept 2009 Keywords Google Australia Yahoo!7 Nine MSM (Bing) Ansearch.com Australia AltaVista Australia Freshline 1 1 1 1 1 Freshline organics 1 1 1 1 1 Organics 15 Not on first 5 page Not on first 5 page Not on first 5 page Not on top 5 page Organics grocery 7 49 29 16 14 Biodynamic meat 8 9 6 12 9 Online groceries shop Australia 13 8 19 24 8 Basically, this website can be found across the web using the company name â€Å"Freshline† and Freshline organics. 10. Site Search Module No search function is available which used specified words or instruct a search engine to retrieve information within this website. Summary The Sample, Inc., website has a reasonably good, clean and simple design that will not intimidate or confuse visitors to the site. Navigation menus are well positioned and are consistent throughout the entire site. Good navigation is important for a site that contains so many products and pages. The current online strategy deployed (using digital and internet features that we discussed before the summary) has able to increase some foot traffic into their shops as well as visitors to Freshline.com but the impact of increase is not very significant. Because of website’s limitations:- Web-pages look unattractive, even quite boring for anyone to look further. Website did not use these: Search Engine Optimization (SE0), Search Engine visibility, site search module, etc to boost web traffic and visibility . Freshline is not able to attract big volume of online customers to the website. A more thorough dissuasion will be discussed in next assessment 3 on development of a digital strategy for this business. References freshline.com.au Australia Certified Organic (bfa.com.au/) Mohammed, Rafi A. Fisher, Robert J. Jaworski, Bernard J., Paddison, Gordon J. 2003. Internet Marketing, International Edition. New York; McGrawHill. organiccollective.com.au organicngreen.com.au/ biodynamic-food.com/index.html google.com.au/ http://au.yahoo.com/ http://ninemsn.com.au/ ansearch.com.au/ http://au.altavista.com/ Research Papers on WEB AUDIT of FRESHLINE ORGANICSAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Sunday, October 20, 2019

A Portrait of Dorian Gray

Dorian Gray's portrait He began to wonder if we could make psychology absolutely scientific, Sir Henry says how to manipulate it with the power of the mind When Dorian talked about hope of fate and exchange of portrait, he reached a contract with one of his own hooligans, not a contract with the king of darkness I have not. The picture of Dorian Gray starts on the beautiful summer day in the UK Victorian. There, the self-righteous Lord Henry Wharton is observing the painting of Dorian Gray by the sensitive artist Basil Holward. Portrait, this is a handsome young man, Basil 's ultimate muse. Dorian sat next to the picture and heard that Lord Henry supported his hedonistic world view and began to think that beauty is the only aspect of pursuit of life. This urged Dorian that his portrait would like to take years instead of himself. One of the main purposes of the story is a portrait of Dorian Gray. This portrait shows Dorian's sin, evil, and aging so that Dorian can maintain youth and beauty. Dorian Faust exchanged his spirit to express youth and beauty, which enabled this. Initially, basil was afraid to advertise his Dorian's portrait. It is because he revealed the secret of Basil 's soul, afraid that it would show a painter (basil) than the theme (Dorian). According to the explanation, Basil was concerned about his evidence of the traces left by portraits and the charm of Durian Gray, because homosexuality was highly stigmatized in Victorian England. In fact, Dorian was portrayed as innocent, and basil seemed to have seen him. There are literal portraits, but Durian Gray is a portrait. Since operation is art, Henry seems to be amused with his ability to influence and manipulate others, including Dorian. Pictures of Dorian Gray begin in England's Victorian summer and Sir Henry Watton is observing Dorian Gray painted by a sensitive artist Basil Hallword. Portrait, he is a handsome young man, basil's ultimate muse. While drawing a picture for this picture, Durian listens to His major Henry to support his hedonistic worldview, pursuing happiness is the only thing worth pursuing in life I started thinking about it. This urged Dorian to hope his painted image hopes to take his age instead. This book began with the artist's picture by Basil Hallward, Dorian Gray, reminiscent of Grey's aging and loss of beauty. This relationship between portraits is a way to explore the relationship between the outside world and self. How sad it is! I will get old, worse, and it will be terrible, it will be older than this special day in June ... if that is just another way! If it is always young, and that old picture! For this - I give everything! Yes there is nothing I will not give to the whole world! I will pay my soul for it I will!

Friday, October 18, 2019

Financial Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Plan - Essay Example T $1,500 $125 $1,500 $125 Electricity $360 $30 $360 $30 Insurance $500 $42 $500 $42 Administrative Cost $900 $75 $900 $75 Depreciation $15,000 $1,250 $12,000 $1,000 Promotional and Marketing Cost $103,000 $8,583 $67,000 $5,583 TOTAL $206,260 $17,188 $293,260 $24,438 Based on above sales projection and cost estimation, total initial start up cost for the first operating year has been estimated at $627510 and this break ups for this initial cost is given below. Initial Start up Cost for first year of Operation TOTAL Capital Expenditure $328,250 Cost Of Goods Sold for the first Year $20,800 Fixed Overheads Expenses for First Year $206,260 Liquid Cash $72,200 Start Up Cost Total for the first years $627,510 Therefore, based on the above required initial cost for the business, the necessary capital will be obtained from the shareholders’ contributions and from the long and short term loans. The following table presents source and cost of different capitals. Source of Capital Invest ment Required For first years $627,510 Capital from Shareholders $313,755 Short Term Loan @ 8% $62,751 Capital From Long term Loan @ 10% $251,004 Income Statement After determining the estimated cost for the different activities like operations, manufacturing, development etc, the projected income statement can be prepared considering estimated sales. Monthly sales forecast has been estimated for the first two years, and the projected income statements have developed on monthly basis for the first years. The following table shows income statement for the first year. Income Statement for First Year    Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Yearly Sales Units 40 45 50 53 60 70 75 77 80 90 92 100 832 Revenue $2,000 $2,250 $2,500 $2,650 3,000 $3,500 $3,750 $3,850 $4,000 $4,500 $4,600 $5,000... For preparing three major financial statements i.e. Income statement, cash flow and balance sheet necessary areas like sales projection, estimated cost, required capital and other investments needed to be determined properly. The following table depicts estimated cost for capital investment required for manufacturing unit and office equipments. Major capital investment includes software development cost for tablet PC and other machineries like computer and tools. For the offices, necessary furniture will also be required that will incur certain amount of cost. Besides, there will be certain fixed overhead that will be incurred in every month. The costs of necessary fixed overheads are given in the table for first two years. Therefore, based on the above required initial cost for the business, the necessary capital will be obtained from the shareholders’ contributions and from the long and short term loans. The following table presents source and cost of different capitals. Aft er determining the estimated cost for the different activities like operations, manufacturing, development etc, the projected income statement can be prepared considering estimated sales. Monthly sales forecast has been estimated for the first two years, and the projected income statements have developed on monthly basis for the first years. The following table shows income statement for the first year. In the first, year of operation, the sales will be expected to very low, and on the other hand, the fixed expenses will higher due to high promotional and marketing, and depreciations.

Review the literature and evidence for or against the effectiveness of Essay

Review the literature and evidence for or against the effectiveness of packaging as an important part of tobacco promotion. With special reference to Australia - Essay Example igarettes or other tobacco products should carry no advertising or promotion, including design features that make products attractive† (Voon, Mitchell, and Liberman, 2012, p. 38). White, Webster, and Wakefield (2008) investigated the impact of introducing the graphic warning labels of health on the adolescents and found that the established and experimental adolescent smokers were more likely to consider quitting smoking. The researchers also found lower intentions of smoking among students that discussed the new labels of warning with one another. The use of stronger warning labels on the packaging of cigarettes in Australia led to an increase in the population of people that reported that the warning had always caught their attention by 29 per cent (Borland, 1997). The packaging of cigarettes has a significant impact on the tendency of people to smoke. According to the results of a survey that was carried out to investigate the transaction times of tobacco in 100 different suburban retail outlets in Perth before and after plain packaging of cigarettes found that the transaction times of most retailers were reduced because of plain packaging, that suggests increased sales of cigarettes (BMJ, 2013). This is why â€Å"[p]ackaging has been used for many years to generate evocative images such as luxury, freedom, glamour, status and masculinity and femininity† (World Heart Federation, n.d., p. 5). Graphic warnings on the packaging of cigarettes in Australia include information on the potential ways of quitting smoking like website addresses and quitline numbers. Use of this strategy has been found to be effective in encouraging the smokers to quit smoking (tobaccofreekids.org, n.d., p. 4). This can be estimated from the fact that after the pictorial labels were introduced with the quitline information on the packaging of cigarettes in Australia in the year 2006, a two-fold increase in the rate of callers of quitline was noticed in comparison to the two preceding

The level of deficit spending by the federal government Personal Statement

The level of deficit spending by the federal government - Personal Statement Example I think the government should cut its spending for this to be achieved in a manner that everyone will be satisfied. In respecct of raising taxes, the wealthy have come out strongly in opposition. They argue that they already are overtaxed. According to Porter (12), it is true that the high income earners in the States pay a lot of tax. They are said to be account for the biggest share of the tax burden. It is noted that the deficit in the federal government has been an extraordinarily contentious issue in the political scene over the last few years. It is stated that the current deficit stands at about $15 trillion dollars. It is expected that if every thing holds constant; the figure will rise significantly in the next couple of years (Jeffrey par 2). Some politicians and economists argue that the national income levels are not on the dangerous levels yet. They say that the government should increase its expenses in order to avoid another downturn. The current deficit is said to be a result of high spending on soldiers, grants to support the public schools, road construction, infrastructural projects, and Medicare for seniors (Hubpages par 4). Another factor that has also brought about the deficit relates to government revenue as previously indicated. Revenue is the amount of money collected by the government. They are generally gotten from tax, custom duties, and sale of government property among other sources (Porter 12). For the government to be able to reduce the deficit, it should first be able to reduce the amount of money that it spends on government-sponsored programs or increase the amount of money it takes from tax. Jeffrey (par 2) suggests that, not only does the government raise more revenue when it raises tax paid by the rich Americans but it could achieve this without slowing down economic growth of the country. Porter (12) states that

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Arbitration Process Versus Litigation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Arbitration Process Versus Litigation - Essay Example The law that regulates actual arbitration procedure, next to the specific law or rules that arbitral tribunal has to use in the matter and finally law for recognition and enforcement of the decision of the arbitral tribunal, known as an arbitration award. The laws governing arbitration proceedings may be same but it is not necessarily so always. Since most of the international arbitration take place in a neutral country to which neither the arbitrating parties belong. So the law of the proceedings, as applied to the matter of the case and known as substantive or applied law, may be different from the law of enforcement of the award. For example, an arbitral tribunal sitting in England will have English law for a place of arbitration but may need to apply New York law as substantive law1. Compared to the courts of law, arbitration is a â€Å"primitive’ way to resolve the issues which is simple because of less formality and expense. The person deciding the dispute has the qualification that he is accepted for arbitration by two parties.2 For example, two merchants disputing over damage to their goods would turn to and accept the judgment of a third, fellow merchant. Actually such had been a community practice to maintain peace and harmony among members of business community3. Why International Arbitration? The answer may come from the fact that sometimes the national law is not sufficient to resolve disputes between warring parties. For e.g. A corporation based in the USA contracts another in Germany. The contract is for setting up a power plant in Egypt with any disputes to be arbitrated in London. Now, if a dispute arises and one of the party refuses to arbitrate or the losing party refuses to carry out the award. No national law can resolve the dispute in such case and is an International treaty was necessary to link the national laws and respecting the award (see footnote 1 p. 4).

What are the legal and the social standing of women in the early 1800s Essay

What are the legal and the social standing of women in the early 1800s - Essay Example This paper will discuss the legal and the social status that women had during the period of 18th century, especially focusing on the early years of the century. Body The status of women during the 18th century can clearly be understood through the theory of power, dominant and non-dominant class of George M. Fredrickson (Fredrickson, n.d.). According to Fredrickson there is a dominant group that owns and controls all the rights and they do not offer these rights to other individuals of the society and this group thinks that they are superior to other individuals of the society. Similarly women during the 1800s and before were recognized as weak by men as men were the people who formed the elite group and represented the dominant class. During the 1800s men worked in jobs where they were the producers of goods and services and women and their children stayed home. During the 1800s century, the myth was that women were weaker as compared to men and did not have the ability to conduct w ork that required intellectual and muscular power. This created a view that working in organizations was very hard and the role could only be conducted by women. During this period, the domestic chores such as taking care of home and making food were assigned to women and men were involved in labor that required both mental and physical fitness such as hunting and plowing. (Welter, 1996). The task that women conducted was quite heavy in nature but they were not realized as tasks that require strong physical and mental health. The main task that a woman had during the 19th century was giving birth to a child and they used to remain busy in this task for quite a long period of time. In the 1800s the majority of the population of America shared a belief that women were inclined towards religion and they were thought of as individuals who would work with God and will ensure that the world is free of evil through their love which was categorized as pure and full of passion and suffering. Religion was found to be the best associate of women as they could easily practice it within the boundary lines of their homes. No woman was allowed to stand against or not practice religion and those females who did so were treated in a negative manner. Women were highly regarded for their purity and sex before marriage was seen as a curse and an illegal form of activity. According to Thomas Jefferson’s concept of cultural assimilation those who had less power and rights should accept the norms and cultural values of those who were dominant in society. Thomas Jefferson’s theory of assimilation can be applied to the men and women of the 1800s. This is because men had more resources and they were the dominant ones, so the women who had fewer rights and were the non-dominant ones had to accept what their husbands had to give to them and comply with the demands of the husbands of that period. During the early period of the 19th century women even had an inferior status a ccording to law. Those females who were used to give up own identity and all the assets owned were transferred within the control of their husbands. The US law was even based on the idea that man had similar ownership over his wife and children as ownership of property. Fathers used to make decisions and law directed women to obey their husbands’ decision. Later during the 1830s and the 1840s certain changes to law were made. One such law was the Equity law that focused on giving equal rights to men and women. During the era of 1839, a woman legally had a right to sue her husband and

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Ismg 15 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ismg 15 - Essay Example To be able to overcome the fears of undesirable outcomes of speaking the truth, one needs moral courage. Moral courage is not exactly different from physical courage but varies in degree and occasions that present risk. Both present a risk possibility. By doing one’s nearest duty, McCain means people should place a focus on their personal obligations or responsibilities. People should keenly attend to the tasks that form their day, and perform with their best ability. The fact that McCain is a high profile politician adds an element to that idea. As a politician, he could be clarifying his duty as the people’s servant. His nearest duty is representing the peoples’ interests and grievances to the government. His political career best describes his undertaking of his nearest duty. McCain’s decision to decline the offer for freedom shows his moral courage because he was not willing to leave his comrades behind. Although he might have been aware of the consequences of his decision, he put aside his personal interests and chose to remain with his soldiers. The torture he opted to undergo suggests his physical courage. I approve of Kierkegaard’s father’s teaching technique. In as much as he often denied him permission to go out, the day he offered to take him on a walking tour he was so elaborate in describing details of what Kierkegaard did not know. He may have been waiting for that day to be the one to offer his son the deepest and derailed teaching, just as he did. Kierkegaard identifies more with Williams. Unlike the friend who does not want to choose, Kierkegaard had earlier made a decision to get married to Regine Olsen, whom he then broke up with just before writing the article. He knew firsthand the consequences of getting married and regretting it, or not getting married and regretting it because he had been in both worlds. The second excerpt is similar to Sartre’s theory of existential

What are the legal and the social standing of women in the early 1800s Essay

What are the legal and the social standing of women in the early 1800s - Essay Example This paper will discuss the legal and the social status that women had during the period of 18th century, especially focusing on the early years of the century. Body The status of women during the 18th century can clearly be understood through the theory of power, dominant and non-dominant class of George M. Fredrickson (Fredrickson, n.d.). According to Fredrickson there is a dominant group that owns and controls all the rights and they do not offer these rights to other individuals of the society and this group thinks that they are superior to other individuals of the society. Similarly women during the 1800s and before were recognized as weak by men as men were the people who formed the elite group and represented the dominant class. During the 1800s men worked in jobs where they were the producers of goods and services and women and their children stayed home. During the 1800s century, the myth was that women were weaker as compared to men and did not have the ability to conduct w ork that required intellectual and muscular power. This created a view that working in organizations was very hard and the role could only be conducted by women. During this period, the domestic chores such as taking care of home and making food were assigned to women and men were involved in labor that required both mental and physical fitness such as hunting and plowing. (Welter, 1996). The task that women conducted was quite heavy in nature but they were not realized as tasks that require strong physical and mental health. The main task that a woman had during the 19th century was giving birth to a child and they used to remain busy in this task for quite a long period of time. In the 1800s the majority of the population of America shared a belief that women were inclined towards religion and they were thought of as individuals who would work with God and will ensure that the world is free of evil through their love which was categorized as pure and full of passion and suffering. Religion was found to be the best associate of women as they could easily practice it within the boundary lines of their homes. No woman was allowed to stand against or not practice religion and those females who did so were treated in a negative manner. Women were highly regarded for their purity and sex before marriage was seen as a curse and an illegal form of activity. According to Thomas Jefferson’s concept of cultural assimilation those who had less power and rights should accept the norms and cultural values of those who were dominant in society. Thomas Jefferson’s theory of assimilation can be applied to the men and women of the 1800s. This is because men had more resources and they were the dominant ones, so the women who had fewer rights and were the non-dominant ones had to accept what their husbands had to give to them and comply with the demands of the husbands of that period. During the early period of the 19th century women even had an inferior status a ccording to law. Those females who were used to give up own identity and all the assets owned were transferred within the control of their husbands. The US law was even based on the idea that man had similar ownership over his wife and children as ownership of property. Fathers used to make decisions and law directed women to obey their husbands’ decision. Later during the 1830s and the 1840s certain changes to law were made. One such law was the Equity law that focused on giving equal rights to men and women. During the era of 1839, a woman legally had a right to sue her husband and

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS‘s Qasida Essay Example for Free

Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS‘s Qasida Essay INTRODUCTION Fatemi Literature bears witness to Doat Kiram AS’s firm devotion to the zikr of Amirul mumineenAS. They have a characteristic approach different from others in recognizing the disposition of Amirul mumineenAS.and in this way they have made a significant contribution in the field of knowledge. Out of the treasure of knowledge, one can distinguish easily the classical works of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS . Al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS who has surpassed a celestial century has adorned with the magnificent and gathering brightness the office of Dai-el-Mutlaq. He holds the keys of treasure house of Fatemi knowledge and bears the torch of learning handed down from Nabi MohammedSA through his successor. His holiness is not only the heir to that great tradition of learning, literature, poetry,learning and teaching are the broad facts which received his distinguish attention and filled every moment of his life. This Qasida Mubarakah â€Å"ABA HASANIN YA SAMI YA ALI† may be stated to follow in the line of his famous work and to serve the reader with the essence of understanding Amirul MumineenAS’s disposition. As each verse open up with fruitful information and reveals a treasure of knowledge and wisdom .Its thirty verse which seems thirty shinning rays enlightening the path towards the recognisation of Amirul Mumineen AS .At times it’s a gift to Mumineen as a ritual to offer gift to dear ones on return of successful journey. The Qasida with its simple words lead the reader to recite it repeatedly and enjoy the beauty beyon d words. Hence, to understand the Qasida and get blessed with its Barakat, analyzing can be done. Analyzing the poem is like exploring a town .when we first approach it we notice main roads, larger building and landmarks. A step further, small streets, narrow lanes and unusual stores add details to understand the culture and people of the town. Similarly with the poem we can experience the satisfaction of signs offered by poet to explore his poem. Poet expects us to lead our imagination wander freely as we go through sounds and experience the images of the poem. Analyzing concept is important in every literature; the difference is that words changes but the concept remains the same. In Islamic literature it is known as naqd and in fatemi literature analyzing a poetic verse is known as tehlil. The concept of tehlil in its own bears a unique factor amongst others. Islamic literature concept of naqd reveals all types of appreciation and negative factors dealed by the poet. However in fatemi literature tehlil concept leads us to the path of eternity. They act as a savior for the one who follows them, hence there can be no place for any criticism or false in them. This paper will discuss briefly about the discerning disposition of Amirul Mumineen AS and his dai, al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS under five points as follows :- 1) Perseverance of barakat of adab of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mu’ayyad al-shiraziRA and al-Dai-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA in adab of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS 2) Distinguishing status al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUSin praise of Amirul MumineenAS 3) Divine character of Amirul MumineenAS in light of this Qasida. 4) Iltejah of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS near Amirul MumineenAS 5) Acknowledgment of the sublime position of Amirul Mumineen AS and n light of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS in the light Imam’s statement :- ‘Through analysis, a true personality can be identified’. 1) BARAKAT OF al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA and al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin’s Adab in Adab of Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS The point here will briefly discuss about how the barakat of both the dai’s adab merged and united with the adab of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS. By analyzing the verses of this qasida, the reader gets clear picture that the maa’ni remain constant and stable, but its beauty gets multiplied and splendid when transferred in adab of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS as it is mentioned by Amirul Jamea. Ø §Ã™â€  Ù…Ø ¹Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ «Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ ªÃ˜ © Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦Ã˜ ³Ã˜ ªÃ™â€šÃ™Å Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © Ù„Ø § هي Ø ­Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å Ã˜ «Ã˜ © ولØ § هي Ù‚Ø ¯Ã™Å Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © Ø ¨Ã™â€ž Ù…Ø ¹Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€¡ Ø ªÃ™â€žÃ™Æ' Ø ­Ã™Å Ã™â€ Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § ÙˆØ µÃ™â€žÃ˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€° Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦ Ø ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™â€ž من Ø §Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¬Ã™â€žÃ˜ © Ø ²Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™â€¡Ã˜ § Ø ¨Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ © Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã™Å Ã˜ ¶Ã˜ §Ã˜ ­ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ «Ã™â€žÃ˜ © ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™â€žÃ˜ © The maa’ni remains constant while its beauty spreads through its flow. Thereafter, the reason behind specifically choosing both dai’s adab is stated, that al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has informed in his letter towards Mumineen of Yemen that he wrote Qasida near the shrine of Amirul Mumineen AS following his father’s footsteps. The Arabic word used in the respect of his father’s high position valedi valed-ul jami which reveals gesture towards his father and father of all doat-e-mutlaqeen. al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€  ÙŠØ § Ø ³Ã™â€¦Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  * Ø §Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ±Ã™â€ Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã™  Ø ®Ã™ Ã™Å  Ø ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  The first verse beautifully approaches the meaning hidden beyond the words which enhances the barakat of both the dai, as the first half of the first stanza shows the barakat of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA’s adab as he states:- Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â€  ÙŠØ § نـ ـــØ ¸Ã™Å Ã˜ ± Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã˜ °Ã™Å Ã˜ ±* ولــــولØ § ÙˆØ ¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ¯Ã™Æ' Ù Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã˜ §Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã™â‚¬Ã˜ ¸Ã™Å Ã˜ ± And the second half reflects the light of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin’s Adab It is discussed deeply on how both dai al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RAand al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS have addressed Amirul Muminen AS. After a deep study one can get idea on how al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA had portrayed dignity of Amirul Mumineen AS as analogous to Nabi Mohammed SA in his every deed and action. The word â€Å"NAZIR† represents through its literal meaning that as Nabi Mohammed SA is perceived through naked eyes, his actions, works are seen by people. As far as Allah’s presence is concerned , then he is beyond imagination and thoughts to perceive. He is known through his name, hence al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS, while praising Amirul MumineenAS in his relation with Allah’s high position he states oh Namesake of Allah! His action presents the divine trait like Allah. Hence both dai, has portrayed perfect picture of Amirul Mumineen†s nobility on both sides with Nabi Mohammed SA and Allah. This way through analysis the whole Qasida can be studied in respect with al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS’s mastery in command on Arabic vocabulary inheriting all virtues of the previous doat mutlaqeen . Similarly these verses of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS:- Ø §Ã˜ °Ã˜ § Ø ¹Ã™â€  Ø ®Ã˜ ·Ã˜ ¨ Ù Ã™â€šÃ™â€ž ÙŠØ § Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  * Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€° Ø ¹Ã˜ ¬Ã™â€ž Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ³Ã™â€¦Ã™â€¡ ينØ ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  Ø §Ã˜ °Ã˜ § Ù…Ø § Ø ±Ã˜ ¬Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™ Ã˜ ³ Ø ±Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡ * Ø ¨Ã˜ ­Ã˜ ±Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © Ù‡Ø °Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë†Ã™â€žÃ™Å  Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ™Å  Whenever, problem hurdles you, just call upon â€Å"ya Allah† and your problem will be solved. Recalls the verse of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin RA:- Ø §Ã™â€  Ø §Ã˜ ²Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ªÃ™Æ' ملمØ © Ø §Ã™Ë†Ã™Æ'Ø ±Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ © * ÙˆØ ±Ã˜ ¬Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ª Ø ªÃ™â€ Ã™ Ã™Å Ã˜ ³Ã˜ § Ù Ã™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã˜ § â€Å"Whenever a calamity or torment comes in your way and you hope to free yourself just call upon â€Å"YA ALI†. This verse shows the strong solidarity in both dai’s literature that there is unique harmony in their thoughts and notions, the supremacy that both the verses represrnts both dai’s faith and certainly. Al –dai-al- Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA states in his verse to chant â€Å"ya ali†,whereas al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS mentions the word qul. This choice of word reveals that Amirul MumineenAS heard the nida of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher Saifuddin RA to fulfill his hope for ziyarat in his successor al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS,as syedna proclaims that he is chanting â€Å"ya ali’s† tasbih beneath the zarih which conveys that the distance syncronises and al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA nida got heard, as al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS gets blessed with the ziyarat. Further on moving to the next verse:- Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€  * Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã˜ §Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ±Ã™Å Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ¨ Whereas al-Dai-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA states that:- Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€  * Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã˜ §Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ±Ã™Å Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ³Ã˜ ±Ã™â€° Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ ¨Ã™â€ž The reader will surely notice that 3/4th part of both verses are having exactly same words and meaning, which seems that two streams are flowing from single source , and two rays emerging from one light . Both the dai are praying salaam on Amirul MumineenAS and praising him. Thereafter the last two words of each verse is different from each other but they were similar in there meaning as it was leadership quality of all imam. Historically it is known that angels recited salaam on Amirul MumineenAS through their visits and respected him gladly. Hence,both dai are angels in their every act and performance. further moving on the point concludes the meaning of salaam which is noticed by al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna al-Mu’ayyad al –Shirazi RA in his majalis, that salaam is the reason to peace and serenity, secondly its greeting of angels, thirdly salaam is one of Allah’s name which means that Allah is beyond any changes and differentiates and lastly amongst the names of heaven there is one name called salaam, for its peace from hurdles and grieves. All the four meanings of salaam can be identified is dai’s salaam, hence it is al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS bounties and blessings that he graces us with the gestures of shield from the upcoming dilemma’s and problems. This way the barakat of al-Dai-aal-Ajal Syedna Mu’yyad ShiraziRA and al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA got merged and its maa’ni got preserved in adab of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS high status in glorifying Amirul Mumineen AS This point deals with the notable position of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS while praising Amirul mumineen AS. He simply described in the qasida that it is a pride to praise Amirul mumineen as he states :- Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ § Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § Ø °Ã™Æ'Ø ±Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Æ'Ù†Ø ² منه * Ø §Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å Ã˜ ªÃ™Å  Ø ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¦Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § Ø ªÃ™â€¦Ã˜ ªÃ™â€žÃ™Å  (The zikr of Amirul Mumineen AS is a precious treasure which fills my vessel forever.) The reader is ought to ponder deeply and marvel at the significance of connection in this verse between the two words â€Å"treasure† and â€Å"vessel†, as in Arabic language the literal meaning for treasure is† the chores and items which are preserved in the vessel.† Thereby it draws the attention towards Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS intention, in using the word vessel; the vessel of knowledge. The verse throws light on the strong distinctive relation of Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS with Amirul MumineenAS. Amirul mumineen AS by himself is allah’s zikr. Also Nabi Mohammed RA has disclosed his position and status as the Red Ruby. Undoubtly Red Ruby is a very precious and beautiful and a very rare and expensive as per Imam Ahmed al- MasturAS states :- Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™Ë†Ã˜ §Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã˜ ª Ø µÃ˜ §Ã™ Ã™Å Ã˜ © Ø ´Ã™ Ã˜ §Ã™ Ã˜ © Ù…Ø ®Ã˜ ªÃ™â€žÃ™ Ã˜ © Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë†Ã˜ §Ã™â€  ومن منØ §Ã™ Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€  من Ø ªÃ˜ ®Ã˜ ªÃ™â€¦ Ø ¨Ã˜ ´Ã™Å Ã˜ ¡ منه ÙˆÙÆ'Ø §Ã™â€  Ù Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¯Ã˜ © Ù‚Ø ¯ Ø §Ã˜ µÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¨ Ø §Ã™â€¡Ã™â€žÃ™â€¡Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë†Ã™Å Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡ ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¹Ã™Ë†Ã™â€  Ø ³Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦ منه Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ °Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€žÃ™â€¡ ونØ ¨Ã™â€ž Ù Ã™Å  Ø §Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å Ã™â€  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ³ Similarly Amirul mumineen’s personality refl ects his purity of Iman, love for Nabi Mohammed RA and divine sacrifice for Allah’s deen holds a great devotion to the zikr of Amirul Mumineen AS.througout his whole life he has remained engrossed in recalling Amirul MumineenAS miracle, his charity, his bounties and his sacrifices to islam. Repeatedly he recalls Amirul Mumineen AS status and every time from an different prospective. Further on, this point discusses about his verses,vasail and bayanaat reclaims his unwavering and ever lasting dedication for Amirul Mumineen AS ,such as :- Ø ¨Ã˜ ­Ã™â€š Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  له Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™ Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ­ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ § * Ø ¨ للØ ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª Ø ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¡ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ±Ã˜ §Ã™â€¦ Ù„Ø ªÃ™ Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ­ لمØ ±Ã˜ ¡ يوØ §Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™â€¡ Ø µÃ˜ ¯Ã™â€šÃ˜ § * Ù„Ø ¯Ã™â€° Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Ë†Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨ Ø ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ± Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦ In this two couplet, Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS had condensed the fatemi manner of praying towards Allah. Both the couplets reflects Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS modesty as he pleads and asks Allah to open the door of heaven for mumineen for the sake and mean of the doors which opened for Amirul Mumineen AS, further more choices of word sidqan reveals many aspects like :- 1. Amirul mumineenAS’s loyalty and r faithful attitude towards undoubtly. 2. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS immense love for Amirul mumineenAS 3. Thirdly it shows that none but the mumineen are the true devotees. Furthermore, the word â€Å"door† enfolds the feeling of ubudiyah as being the abd of Amirul mumineen, who has come to his doorsteps seeking knowledge and help. Also the word â€Å"door† represents amirul mumineen’s high status of the door to city of knowledge as Nabi Mohammed SA states :- I am the city of knowledge and ali is the gateway. Whosoever seeks the knowledge must come to the gateway. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS has sacrificed all precious gems and jewels in the making of his shrine, because the real magnificent treasure is gained through chanting his name and zikr. As the point concludes the reader receives insight in to the deep erudition of the author and his supremacy as an exponent of fatemi knowledge and literacy style. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS ‘s , unique and extra ordinary personality emerged brightly by declaring his successor Syedi -va -Moulaya Muffadal b.s. SaifuddinTUS, as he stands at the position of ina ,the word whose Arabic count is 53 indicating his high status. As he also stands 53rd in his succession. Likewise he is known as Yemen’s agate, just like Amirul MumineenAS was named as the Red ruby. So it concludes that by zikr of amirul mumineen ,the vessel of Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS fills to the brim and same way by the zikr of Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS and Syedi va-Moulaya Muffadal bhaisaheb Saifuddin TUS mumineen’s vessel of knowledge gets broader by time . Hence by giving proper meaning of vessel and treasure the message of syedna reaches to every mumineen’s heart. DIVINE ATTRIBUTES OF MOULANA ALI This point summarizes the divine attributes of Amirul Mumineen AS portrayed in the Qasida. Al-Dai-al-Ajal-Syedna Taher SaifuddinRA has distinctly depicted Amirul Mumineen AS’s divine attribute in one of his ibarah. He states :- هو Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™â€ž ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ®Ã˜ ± ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¸Ã˜ §Ã™â€¡Ã˜ ± ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ·Ã™â€  He is the first and the last. He is manifest and subtle. This magnificent description clearly explains that none other than Amirul Mumineen AS posses the divine and celestial traits. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS narrates through each verse that each and every significant qualities of Amirul Mumineen AS proclaims that he is the namesake of Allah. By Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS keen observation and powerful insight, he can perceive the clear image of Amirul Mumineen AS before his eyes, so that he expresses:- ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å  لمØ § Ø §Ã˜ ®Ã˜ §Ã˜ ·Ã˜ ¨ Ø ± Ø ¨Ã™Å  * Ø §Ã™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ µÃ˜ ±Ã˜ © ÙŠØ § Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  With my insight, I chant,call upon â€Å"ya ali† whenever I address my Allah. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS proceeds to postulate a true picture of Amirul Mumineen AS as a divine personality. As it may be noted that the word â€Å"betabseratin† has within it, inherent, the need to analyze the verses properly and study Amirul Mumineen AS divine attribute. Below are few verse which will portray the position of Amirul Mumineen AS as the namesake of Allah:- Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § Ø ­Ã˜ ³Ã™â€  ÙŠØ § Ø ³Ã™â€¦Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å  * Ø §Ã˜ ¬Ã˜ ±Ã™â€ Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ ·Ã™  Ø ®Ã™ Ã™Å  Ø ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  O’aba hasan ! The namesake of al ali (Allah ta’ala) grant me both your subtle and apparent benevolence. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS dwells upon the way he chants ya ali for addressing Allah. The word Ali in Arabic literature means powerful, prominent. Also Ali is one of Allah’s hundred names. Thereby it proves that Amirul Mumineen AS is the namesake of Allah physically and spiritually. Further on; Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS states:- Ø §Ã™Æ'Ø §Ã˜ ´Ã™  ÙÆ'Ø ±Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ © Ù…ÙÆ'Ø ªÃ˜ ¦Ã˜ ¨ * Ø §Ã˜ ´Ã˜ §Ã™ Ã™Å  Ù…Ø ±Ã˜ ¡ Ø ¨Ã˜ ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡ Ø ¨Ã™â€žÃ™â‚¬Ã™â€° Oh savior of sorrowful from all pains. Oh healer of sickness from unwell. In both of this verses Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS addresses Amirul Mumineen AS as a savior from all torments and grieves. This verse can be analyzed historically as there are many evident and events which clarify that, it is only Amirul Mumineen AS personal attribute to give life to dead, and many extravagant miracles such as, his family being in hard circumstances he chose to help miqdad and granted him one dinar. As a human nature one can never ever decide to help other and choose his happiness on his family. Hence Amirul Mumineen AS deserves to be the namesake of Allah by this kind of his attributes. ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™â€° ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å Ã™Æ' ميØ ª وهل *ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€¦Ã˜ ­Ã™Å Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ±Ã™â€¦Ã™Å Ã™â€¦ Ø ®Ã™â€žÃ™Å  ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™â€° ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å Ã™Æ' ÙŠØ §Ã˜ ±Ã˜ ­Ã™â€¦Ã˜ © * Ø ¯Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å  Ø ¨Ã™â€ Ã˜ §Ã˜ ± Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¬Ã˜ ­Ã™Å Ã™â€¦ Ø µÃ™â€žÃ™Å  ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™â€° ÙŠØ ³Ã˜ §Ã™Ë†Ã™Å Ã™Æ' Ø ¬Ã˜ §Ã™â€¦Ã˜ ¹ Ø °Ã™Æ'Ø ±* Ø ¹Ã˜ ¯Ã™Ë† Ø ªÃ˜ ­Ã˜ ¯Ã˜ ± Ø ¨Ã˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ±Ã˜ °Ã™â€ž The three verses complete the penetrating argument Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS makes with the followers of abu bakar, usmaan and omar. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS in his interrogative manner, simply depicts the divine character of Amirul Mumineen AS as benefactor of life, instead he gives life to perished bones. The power to give life is only for Allah, the creator. But it’s Amirul Mumineen AS honor to show this mir acle to the universe and emerge in his magnificent status. Hence there is no compatibility between Amirul Mumineen AS and abubakr. Today Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS represents Amirul Mumineen AS distinguishing personality between the world. His noble works in every field shows his devotion towards the upliftment of Mumineen. Being at the age of 100, his devotion towards Imam’s khidmat and tafadi increases by day and time. The golden era, the celestial century witnesses all his humble chores and works. By each day his spiritual strength gets well fortified. Today he posses divine attribute. Hence it’s all because of Amirul MumineenAS ‘s subtle and apparent benevolence. May Allah grant him a life in prosperity and perfect health for all eternity ILTEJAH of aL-Dai alAjal TOWARDS AMIRUL MUMINEEN AS This point briefly gives details on the ILTEJAH of al-Dai-al Ajal -Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS towards Amirul Mumineen AS. Its specifically written in the preface of the Qasida that al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has written in ILTEJAH. The iltejah of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS reflects in his verses. The modesty al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS had shown near Amirul Mumineen AS. The tears which al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS shed near Amirul Mumineen AS for the forgiveness of mumineen’s sins and offences . The verse merely potrays al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS khudu by Imam Ali Zainul AbedinRA’s khudu. The following verse completely resembles dua of Imam Ali ZainulabedinRA :- Ø §Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨ Ù…Ø ¯Ã™Å Ã™â€ Ã™â€¡ Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€ Ã˜ ¨Ã™Å  * Ø ³Ã˜ £Ã™â€žÃ˜ ªÃ™Æ' للمØ ¤Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ Ã™Å Ã™â€  ولي Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' Ù‚Ø ¯ Ù„Ø °Ã˜ ª Ø ®Ã˜ ° à ˜ ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å  * Ù Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã™Æ' Ù„ÙÆ'Ù‡Ù  Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™Ë† موØ ¦Ã™â€žÃ™Å  The dua of ImamRA :- Ù Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã˜ ± Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' . . . Ø ­Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã˜ ± Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' .. . Ù…Ø ­Ã˜ ªÃ˜ §Ã˜ ¬ Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' . . Ù Ã™â€¡Ã˜ § Ø §Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø ³Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¦Ã™â€ž Ø ¨Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¨Ã™Æ' As seen the verse depicts the same emotions and pain felt in the dua. The words are touching and heartfelt. Like a saa’il al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS represents himself near Amirul MumineenAS and seeks for help and ease. The generosity al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS possess that he first asks for Mumineen and secondly he asks for himself. The second verse potrays the picture of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS holding the shrine of Amirul MumineenAS with both hands and praying near him. Thereafter al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS beseeches near Amirul MumineenAS by repetitions of sorrowful words like :- Ø §Ã˜ ºÃ˜ «Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø §Ã˜ ºÃ˜ «Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø §Ã˜ ºÃ™Ë†Ã˜ « Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯ * Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™â€° Ø ¹Ã˜ ¬Ã™ „ ولØ ¯Ã™â€° Ø §Ã˜ ¬Ã™â€ž Help me, help me oh saviour, in our daily life and near our demise . The repetitions of words play an important role in Arabic literature it makes the text delightful while reading. Secondly it confirms the meaning beyond words and assures it truly. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS here conveys a message, a teaching that Amirul MumineenAS is always there for mumineen in his good and bad times. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS himself prays through this verse that may Allah always keep us with Hudaat Kiraam and devoid us to see any such morning where one of us have to beg from someone else then aa’le mohammedAS. The point concludes with the analysis of three verses in context with al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS succesor Syedi-va-Moulayi-Muffadal bhaisaheb SaifiddinTUS’s prestige and dignity. The verses are as follows:- Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã™Ë†Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€ Ã™Æ' مولى ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å  * Ø §Ã˜ ªÃ˜ ¨Ã˜ ªÃ™Æ' Ù…Ø ³Ã˜ ªÃ™â€šÃ˜ ¨Ã™â€žÃ˜ § Ù Ã˜ §Ã™â€šÃ˜ ¨Ã™â€ž ÙˆØ §Ã™â€ Ã™Å  Ù„Ø ¨Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ ¯Ã™Æ' Ø §Ã˜ ³Ã™Æ'Ù†Ø ªÃ™â€¡ من * Ø ¯Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¡Ã™â‚¬Ã™Æ' Ù Ã™Å  Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ Ã˜ ¹ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¦Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€šÃ™â€ž Ø §Ã™â€¦Ã™Ë†Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™Å  Ø ³Ã™Æ'Ù† Ù Ã˜ ¤Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¯Ã™Å  ÙˆØ §Ã™â€¦Ã™â€  * Ø ¨Ã™ Ã˜ ¶Ã™â€žÃ™Æ' Ø ¨Ã™Å Ã˜ ª Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€¡Ã˜ ¯Ã™â€° ÙˆØ ¬Ã™â€žÃ™Å  These three verses play a magnificent rol e in the whole Qasida. It summarizes the complete aim of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS plead near Amirul MumineenAS. It reveals the gesture of declaring his successor. Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS ,addresses Amirul MumineenAS as â€Å"moulaya† and represents himself as his faithful abd. And recalls his bounties upon him that he is secured and protected by his prayers. Hereby the metaphor â€Å"protected fort† is used to beautify the notion of the whole picture, that how a moula takes care of his abeed,the responsibilities he is carrying and the attention for servants. AL-DAI-AJAL Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS seeks â€Å"sukun† for his soul by the grace of Amirul MumineenAS. There is a deep connection between the word sukun and befadlek that Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has deeply revealed , he attained sukun by declaring his successor with the benevolence of Amirul MumineenAS. The word befadlek denotes the historical event when Al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS sent his successor to kufa when enemies of dawat tried to put another shrine in place of the shrine which was constructed by dawat and by the grace of Amirul MumineenAS and Syedi-va-Molaya- Muffadal bhaisaheb SaifuddinTUS’s hardwork and diginity , the governments decision was in our favour. There by leading al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS iltejah near Amirul MumineenAS piously that Amirul MumineenAS answered his prayer and enabled him for this amal-e- jalil. May Allah grant al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS a long and prosperous life with his successor till eternity. Ameen Acknowledgment of the sublime position of Amirul Mumineen AS and n light of al-Dai-a-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS in the light Imam’s statement Imam Ahmed al- Mastur AS states:- ÙˆØ ¨Ã˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ªÃ˜ ­Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ã™â€ž Ø ªÃ˜ ¹Ã˜ ±Ã™  Ø ­Ã™â€šÃ™Å Ã™â€šÃ˜ © Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ ´Ã˜ ®Ã˜ §Ã˜ µ ‘Through analysis one can identify real personality.’ Imam Ahmed al-Mastur’s AS statement clearly shows the importance of analysis in literature. So at the end of the paper, the reader gets a complete idea that its indicate to recognize the magnificent position of AMIRUL MUMINEEN (A.S.) and to identify deeply his personality. It’s a great pleasure for a mumin that in the benedictions of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS he can recognize the disposition of Amirul MumineenAS in his minor limits. As to identify his personality the foremost step is to understand and preserve the glory of his dai al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanussin TUS But the inability of one’s thought and power hurdles to acknowledge the magnificent position of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed BurhanuddinTUS. Hence the real acknowledgement of Amirul MumineenAS and his dai’s glorification is to acceptt that they are divine souls and an ordinary mumin cannot distinguish their position. A keen observer will recognize with the prayers of al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS the meaning of benevolence (lutf) according to his limits, as one of the literacy meaning for lutf is â€Å"AMAL SALEH† through which a true follower of Islam can get closer to Allah taa’ala and also al-Dai-al-Ajal Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin TUS has explained the meaning of â€Å"AMAL SALEH† in one of his lectures:- Ø §Ã™â€  ÙÆ'Ù„ منØ µÃ™Ë†Ã˜ µ هو Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ¹Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ž Ø §Ã™â€žÃ˜ µÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­ And also he states :- Ù‡Ø ± Ø ¯Ã˜ §Ã˜ ¹Ã™Å  Ù†Ø § منØ µÃ™Ë†Ã˜ µ Ø §Ã™â€¡Ã™â€ Ã˜ § Ø ¹Ã™â€¦Ã™â€ž Ø µÃ˜ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ­ Ø› That every dai’s amal saleh is to declare his successor. Hence, the Mumineen of this period are fortunate and lucky as they are being blessed with two dai’s benedictions and prayers. and with the grace of Amirul MumineenAS ;they are living a prosperous and healthy life. 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